蒙罗维亚（利比里亚）水系统管理需求分析和基于生态卫生的源分离废水处理技术研究
发布时间：2023-04-17 02:43
全球人口预计将从2005年的65亿增加到2050年的近92亿,其中大部分人口增长是在发展中国家。随着人口的增长,淡水需求量的增加和磷酸盐资源的枯竭是人类发展面临的重要挑战,解决这些问题的最佳方法之一是5Rs(减少,更换,回收,再循环和再利用)的实施。本文的目的是针对蒙罗维亚(利比里亚)水资源管理系统的需求分析和基于生态卫生的废物处理研究。利比里亚位于非洲西海岸,与塞拉利昂和几内亚接壤,毗邻象牙海岸和大西洋。利比里亚64%人口的饮水取自井水,这是一个受到污染且不安全的饮用水源。城市内14.5%的排污系统连接到污水管网,其余大量未连接到污水管网。由于缺乏公共厕所,小型排污管网导致水体富营养化程度高,城市内的露天排便痕迹随处可见。由于大多数自来水和污水处理基础设施无法运行,水质恶化是一项巨大的挑战。与此同时由于收集和处置不当,固体废物管理也成为了一个挑战。由于有超过140万的人口每天生活费不足0.5美元,迫切需要解决给水和排水系统存在的问题,并为供水和污水处理系统提供的新思想和技术创新。随着国内(利比里亚)的经济快速复苏和社会稳定,环境可持续性新技术的投资仍然由政府的控制和监管,基于源头分离...
【文章页数】：122 页
【学位级别】：硕士
【文章目录】：
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
摘要
PREFACE
List of Abbreviations and Acronyms
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 FRESHWATER RESOURCES IN LIBERIA
1.2 SURFACE AND GROUND WATER POLLUTION
1.3 SANITATION AND WATER DEMANDS IN THE NEXT TWENTY YEARS
1.4 WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT AND THE CONCEPT OF ECO-SANITATION
1.5 APPLICATION IN THE LIBERIAN CONTEXT
1.6 OBJECTIVES OF THE THESIS
2 APPLICATIONS OF ECO-SAN IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
2.1 WORLDWIDE APPLICATIONS OF ECO-SAN
2.1.1 PLANNING AND TECHNOLOGIES OF ECO-SAN
2.2 APPLICATION OF ECO-SAN IN AFRICA
2.3 THE DIFFERENCE AND SIMILARITY BETWEEN LIBERIA AND OTHER AFRICAN COUNTRIES
3 RECOVERY OF PHOSPHORUS FROM SOURCE SEPARATED URINE BY STRUVITEPRECIPITATION
3.1 MATERIALS AND METHODS
3.1.1 ORTHOPHOSPHATE REMOVAL (SEAWATER, MgCL2, AND SYNTHETIC WASTEWATER)
3.1.2 PH EFFECTS
3.1.3 TEMPERATURE EFFECTS
3.1.4 SEDIMENTATION EFFECTS
3.2 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
3.2.1 ORTHOPHOSPHATE
3.2.2 EFFECTS OF PH
3.2.3 TEMPERATURE EFFECTS
3.2.4 SEDIMENTATION CHARACTERISTICS OF PRECIPITATES
4 NITRITATION OF SOURCE SEPARATED URINE IN SEQUENCE BATCH REACTOR
4.1 SEQUENCING BATCH REACTOR
4.1.1 APPARATUS
4.2 OPERATION OF THE SEQUENCING BATCH REACTOR
4.2.1 COD AND NITROGEN CHANGES
4.2.2 PH AND ORP CHANGES
4.3 PERFORMANCE OF NITROGEN REMOVAL IN A SEQUENCING BATCH REACTOR BY SHORTCUT NITRIFICATION AND DENITRIFICATION
4.4 NITROGEN REMOVAL BY COMBINED PARTIAL NITRITATION AND ANAMMOX PROCESS
5 USE OF NITRIFIED URINE FOR GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL IN SEPTIC TANK
5.1 TEST METHODS AND SAMPLES PREPARATIONS
5.2 SEPTIC TANK PERFORMANCE BEFORE NITRITE ADDITION
5.2.1 PH CHANGES IN THE REACTOR
5.2.2 ALKALINITY CHANGES
5.2.3 COD AND NITROGEN CHANGES
5.2.4 AMMONIA CHANGES
5.3 INHIBITION OF GREENHOUSE GAS PRODUCTION IN SEPTIC TANK BY NITRITE GENERATEDFROM SOURCE-SEPARATED URINE
5.4 EFFECT OF NITRITE ON GREENHOUSE GAS PRODUCTION IN SEPTIC TANK BATCHEXPERIMENTS
5.5 PERFORMANCE OF NITRITE ADDITION IN A CONTINUOUS FLOW SEPTIC TANK TREATINGDOMESTIC WASTEWATER
6 IMPLEMENTATION IMPACT OF ECO-SANITATION IN LIBERIA,IN THE FUTURE
6.1 POST-CONFLICT, SITUATIONS
6.2 CURRENT SITUATION
6.3 FUTURE PROSPECT
7 CONCLUSIONS
References
Pfread Reort
INDEX
AUTHOR PROFILE AND RESEARCH ACHIEVEMENTS OBTAINED DURING THE STUDYFOR A MASTER'S/DOCTORAL DEGREE
DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITYDATASET FOR THE MASTER'S THESIS
本文编号：3792402
【文章页数】：122 页
【学位级别】：硕士
【文章目录】：
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
摘要
PREFACE
List of Abbreviations and Acronyms
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 FRESHWATER RESOURCES IN LIBERIA
1.2 SURFACE AND GROUND WATER POLLUTION
1.3 SANITATION AND WATER DEMANDS IN THE NEXT TWENTY YEARS
1.4 WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT AND THE CONCEPT OF ECO-SANITATION
1.5 APPLICATION IN THE LIBERIAN CONTEXT
1.6 OBJECTIVES OF THE THESIS
2 APPLICATIONS OF ECO-SAN IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
2.1 WORLDWIDE APPLICATIONS OF ECO-SAN
2.1.1 PLANNING AND TECHNOLOGIES OF ECO-SAN
2.2 APPLICATION OF ECO-SAN IN AFRICA
2.3 THE DIFFERENCE AND SIMILARITY BETWEEN LIBERIA AND OTHER AFRICAN COUNTRIES
3 RECOVERY OF PHOSPHORUS FROM SOURCE SEPARATED URINE BY STRUVITEPRECIPITATION
3.1 MATERIALS AND METHODS
3.1.1 ORTHOPHOSPHATE REMOVAL (SEAWATER, MgCL2, AND SYNTHETIC WASTEWATER)
3.1.2 PH EFFECTS
3.1.3 TEMPERATURE EFFECTS
3.1.4 SEDIMENTATION EFFECTS
3.2 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
3.2.1 ORTHOPHOSPHATE
3.2.2 EFFECTS OF PH
3.2.3 TEMPERATURE EFFECTS
3.2.4 SEDIMENTATION CHARACTERISTICS OF PRECIPITATES
4 NITRITATION OF SOURCE SEPARATED URINE IN SEQUENCE BATCH REACTOR
4.1 SEQUENCING BATCH REACTOR
4.1.1 APPARATUS
4.2 OPERATION OF THE SEQUENCING BATCH REACTOR
4.2.1 COD AND NITROGEN CHANGES
4.2.2 PH AND ORP CHANGES
4.3 PERFORMANCE OF NITROGEN REMOVAL IN A SEQUENCING BATCH REACTOR BY SHORTCUT NITRIFICATION AND DENITRIFICATION
4.4 NITROGEN REMOVAL BY COMBINED PARTIAL NITRITATION AND ANAMMOX PROCESS
5 USE OF NITRIFIED URINE FOR GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL IN SEPTIC TANK
5.1 TEST METHODS AND SAMPLES PREPARATIONS
5.2 SEPTIC TANK PERFORMANCE BEFORE NITRITE ADDITION
5.2.1 PH CHANGES IN THE REACTOR
5.2.2 ALKALINITY CHANGES
5.2.3 COD AND NITROGEN CHANGES
5.2.4 AMMONIA CHANGES
5.3 INHIBITION OF GREENHOUSE GAS PRODUCTION IN SEPTIC TANK BY NITRITE GENERATEDFROM SOURCE-SEPARATED URINE
5.4 EFFECT OF NITRITE ON GREENHOUSE GAS PRODUCTION IN SEPTIC TANK BATCHEXPERIMENTS
5.5 PERFORMANCE OF NITRITE ADDITION IN A CONTINUOUS FLOW SEPTIC TANK TREATINGDOMESTIC WASTEWATER
6 IMPLEMENTATION IMPACT OF ECO-SANITATION IN LIBERIA,IN THE FUTURE
6.1 POST-CONFLICT, SITUATIONS
6.2 CURRENT SITUATION
6.3 FUTURE PROSPECT
7 CONCLUSIONS
References
Pfread Reort
INDEX
AUTHOR PROFILE AND RESEARCH ACHIEVEMENTS OBTAINED DURING THE STUDYFOR A MASTER'S/DOCTORAL DEGREE
DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITYDATASET FOR THE MASTER'S THESIS
本文编号：3792402
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