金棒及其复合材料的制备与催化性能研究
发布时间:2018-04-24 21:23
本文选题:多孔金 + 生物模板 ; 参考:《华中农业大学》2017年硕士论文
【摘要】:金纳米颗粒由于其独特的催化性质,在有机化学催化和电化学催化方面都有着十分广泛的应用。然而金纳米颗粒稳定性不好,容易团聚,而且催化性质也有待进一步的提高。针对这些问题,本论文基于生物模板法制备了多孔金棒和小颗粒纳米金棒,并在此基础上制备了多孔金棒-二氧化钛和小颗粒纳米金棒-铂的复合材料,并在对硝基苯酚还原反应和甲醇的电催化氧化反应中进行了应用。具体研究内容如下:1.以枯草芽孢杆菌及聚苯乙烯微球为双模板制备了多孔金棒及多孔金-二氧化钛复合材料,并进行了催化性能的研究:制备了多孔金棒及多孔金-二氧化钛复合材料,并研究了材料孔径大小、组分比例及材料晶型等条件对其催化性能的影响。当控制聚苯乙烯微球直径为110 nm时、二氧化钛溶胶中钛酸四丁酯:H_2O为4:1、老化时间为1.5 h、煅烧温度为450℃、煅烧时间2 h、菌液与溶胶比例为1:2、复合时间为16 h时,我们可制备孔洞直径为70 nm、二氧化钛含量为5.3%,且晶型为锐钛矿的催化性能最优异的多孔金二氧化钛复合材料。2.以枯草芽孢杆菌为模板制备小颗粒纳米金棒及其金属铂复合材料,并进行了催化性能研究:制备了小颗粒纳米金棒及其金属铂复合材料,并通过调整化学沉积金属铂时间,氯铂酸与加入纳米金棒的量,控制了复合材料中金属铂的含量。当小颗粒纳米金棒-铂复合材料沉积的铂含量为2.2%时,甲醇电催化氧化的效果最好。
[Abstract]:Gold nanoparticles have been widely used in organic chemistry and electrochemical catalysis due to their unique catalytic properties. However, the stability of gold nanoparticles is poor, easy to agglomerate, and the catalytic properties need to be further improved. In order to solve these problems, porous gold rods and nanocrystalline gold rods were prepared based on the biological template method, and composite materials of porous gold rod and titanium dioxide and small particle nanocrystalline gold rod platinum were prepared. It has been applied to the reduction of p-nitrophenol and the electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol. The specific contents of the study are as follows: 1. Porous gold rods and porous gold-titanium dioxide composites were prepared by using Bacillus subtilis and polystyrene microspheres as double templates. The catalytic properties of porous gold rods and porous gold-titanium dioxide composites were studied. The effects of pore size, composition ratio and crystal type on the catalytic performance were studied. When the diameter of polystyrene microspheres is 110 nm, tetrabutyl titanate: H2O is 4: 1, aging time is 1.5 h, calcination temperature is 450 鈩,
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