采用放电等离子烧结对碳纳米材料进行掺杂及其复合材料在电化学性能方面的研究

发布时间：2019-06-24 22:01

【摘要】：随着化石能源等不可再生能源的利用与开发,一方面造成了能源缺乏,另一方面也污染了我们地球的环境。因此,寻找一种绿色清洁、无污染、可持续能源成为了人们迫切的需要。燃料电池是一种绿色、清洁、可再生的能源。但是,作为催化剂的铂及其合金由于自身在地球的含量较少,价格昂贵且稳定性和抗毒性都比较差,限制了其在商业上的应用和发展。碳纳米材料由于其本身具有良好的导电性和大的比表面积,在燃料电池、析氢材料、超级电容器等领域上都备受关注。但是由于碳材料本身的化学惰性,目前还缺乏一种有效可控的掺杂方法。放电等离子烧结(SPS)技术通过低压大电流作用于样品颗粒的接触部分,进而在局部地区会实现原子的重组,因此在有杂原子的气氛下,可以实现对碳纳米材料的可控掺杂。本文系统地研究了分别以尿素、B2O3、硫粉作为掺杂剂,石墨烯作为碳源,通过改变烧结温度和投料比等实验参数,从而制备出了氮掺杂、硼掺杂、硫掺杂的石墨烯。同时,还研究了不同掺杂类型的石墨烯的氧还原特性。目前很多文献证实了 W2C在电解水产氢方面有很好的应用,但制备纯相的W2C还十分困难。这里也探索了 SPS方法制备W2c的可能性。主要内容如下:(1)以尿素、B2O3、硫粉和石墨烯为原料,采用SPS方法合成杂原子掺杂石墨烯,通过Raman、TEM、SEM、XPS、XRD等对其形貌及结构进行表征。并利用CV、LSV、计时电流等测试研究了其在0.1 M KOH溶液中的氧还原电催化活性。(2)以仲钨酸铵和多壁碳纳米管为原料,采用SPS方法合成MWCNTs/W2C,通过TEM、SEM、XRD等对其形貌及结构进行表征。并利用LSV等测试研究了其在0.1MH2SO4溶液中的HER性能。
[Abstract]:With the utilization and development of non-renewable energy such as fossil energy, on the one hand, it causes the lack of energy, on the other hand, it also pollutes the environment of our earth. Therefore, the search for a green, clean, pollution-free, sustainable energy has become an urgent need. Fuel cell is a kind of green, clean and renewable energy. However, platinum and its alloys, as catalysts, are expensive and have poor stability and toxicity because of their low content in the earth, which limits their commercial application and development. Carbon nanomaterials have attracted much attention in fuel cells, hydrogen evolution materials, supercapacitors and other fields because of their good conductivity and large specific surface area. However, due to the chemical inertia of carbon materials, there is still a lack of an effective controllable doping method. Spark plasma sintering (SPS) technology acts on the contact part of the sample particles by low voltage and high current, and then reorganizes the atoms in the local area, so the controllable doping of carbon nanomaterials can be realized in the atmosphere of hetero atoms. In this paper, using urea, B _ 2O _ 3, sulfur powder as dopant and graphene as carbon source, nitrogen, boron and sulfur doping graphene were prepared by changing sintering temperature and feeding ratio. At the same time, the oxygen reduction characteristics of graphene with different doping types were also studied. At present, many literatures have confirmed that W2C has a good application in electrolytic aquatic hydrogen, but it is still very difficult to prepare pure W2C. The possibility of preparing W _ 2C by SPS method is also explored in this paper. The main contents are as follows: (1) hetero-atom-doped graphene was synthesized by SPS from urea, B _ 2O _ 3, sulfur powder and graphene. The morphology and structure of graphene were characterized by Raman,TEM,SEM,XPS,XRD. The electrocatalytic activity of oxygen reduction in 0.1M KOH solution was studied by CV,LSV, chronocurrent. (2) the morphology and structure of MWCNTs/W2C, synthesized by SPS method were characterized by TEM,SEM,XRD et al. (2) ammonium paratungstate and multi-wall carbon nanotubes were used as raw materials. The properties of HER in 0.1MH2SO4 solution were studied by LSV et al.
【学位授予单位】：温州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：O613.71;TB383.1

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