可膨胀石墨膨胀模型及其反应动力学研究

发布时间：2018-02-25 08:33

本文关键词： 可膨胀石墨膨胀模型反应动力学红外/毫米波　出处：《南京理工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文根据可膨胀石墨的市场现状及其发展趋势,选用市售硫酸、硝酸可膨胀石墨及实验室制备的无硫可膨胀石墨为研究对象；以可膨胀石墨高温下的热分解反应动力学以及膨胀机理、模型为研究核心内容；并对可膨胀石墨在抗红外/毫米波发烟剂中的应用展开研究。文中首先以可膨胀石墨的膨胀体积为标准,确定无硫可膨胀石墨制备过程中的各组分最佳用量以及反应最佳工艺参数。选用SEM、FTIR、XRD、TG/DSC现代仪器分析三种可膨胀石墨膨胀前后表观形貌、内部结构以及组成的变化；并根据可膨胀石墨的TG-DTG曲线,采用经典的多升温速率法FWO法及KAS法计算得到其热分解反应活化能。随后在对可膨胀石墨膨胀前后的分析表征及反应动力学研究的基础上,基于Griffith微孔破裂理论,并结合可膨胀石墨高温膨胀过程中的能量守恒、质量守恒方程,建立了关于可膨胀石墨在C轴方向高度变化与反应时间的简单数学方程,并利用实验验证了模型的适用性。最后研究可膨胀石墨在在抗红外/毫米波发烟剂中的应用,用燃烧实验确定发烟剂的初始配方,并利用正交实验法对配方进行优化,得到最佳配方；将最佳配方进行外场测试,实验结果显示：该配方对3mm、8mm波均有衰减,其中对3mm波的衰减效果比较好且配方对中、远波段的红外也有比较好的干扰效果。
[Abstract]:According to the market situation and development trend of expandable graphite, this paper selects sulfuric acid, nitric acid expandable graphite and sulfur-free expandable graphite prepared in laboratory as the research object. The thermal decomposition kinetics and expansion mechanism of expandable graphite at high temperature were taken as the core of the study. The application of expandable graphite in infrared / millimeter-wave smoking-resistant agent is studied. Firstly, the expansion volume of expandable graphite is taken as the standard. The optimum dosage of each component and the optimum reaction parameters were determined in the preparation of sulfur-free expandable graphite. The changes of apparent morphology, internal structure and composition of three kinds of expandable graphite before and after expansion were analyzed by means of SEMX FTIR XRDX TG / DSC. According to the TG-DTG curve of expandable graphite, the activation energy of thermal decomposition reaction was calculated by the classical FWO method and KAS method. Then, on the basis of the analysis and characterization before and after expansion of expandable graphite and the study of reaction kinetics, the activation energy of thermal decomposition reaction of expandable graphite was calculated by means of FWO method and KAS method. Based on the Griffith micropore fracture theory and the energy conservation and mass conservation equations of expandable graphite during high temperature expansion, a simple mathematical equation for the height change and reaction time of expandable graphite in C axis is established. Finally, the application of expandable graphite in infrared / millimeter-wave smoking-resistant agent is studied. The initial formulation of the smoke agent is determined by combustion experiment, and the formula is optimized by orthogonal experiment. The experimental results show that the formula can attenuate 3mm ~ 8mm wave, and the attenuation effect of 3mm wave is better, and the medium and far band infrared has better interference effect.
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ127.11

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