基于ANSYS对氨合成塔支座结构的分析及优化

发布时间：2018-03-15 18:01

本文选题：氨合成塔　切入点：有限元法　出处：《湘潭大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：氨合成塔是合成氨的核心设备,通常采用裙座支撑方式,然而支撑区由于温度梯度大,局部应力过大,时常导致支座结构的破坏。在中小型塔器中,支承式支座结构逐渐取代了裙座结构。本文以DN 1000氨合成塔为例,利用大型有限元分析软件ANSYS对该氨合成塔支承式结构及裙座支撑区进行分析,具体内容如下:首先,对氨合成塔支撑底架进行应力分析,由于结构不合理,于是对底架提出三种改进结构,分别进行应力分析,并在此基础上,通过进一步改进结构使得底架满足强度及刚度要求。同时对槽钢结构进行优化设计,并对优化前后的结构进行对比分析。其次,对氨合成塔支承式结构和裙座结构支撑区分别进行机械应力分析、热应力分析、机械应力与热应力综合分析以及应力评定,并且采用“结构优化法”对二种支撑区结构进行优化设计,并对优化前后结构进行对比分析。最后,对氨合成塔下封头组件及底架整体进行应力分析和应力评定,并且以支撑板底端离下封头端部的距离H为设计变量对支承式支座支撑区支撑位置进行优化设计,并对优化前后结构进行对比分析。本文利用ANSYS对氨合成塔支座支撑区结构进行应力分析,验证支承式支座结构的可靠性及优化设计的可行性,并对此种支座结构的设计具有理论参考和指导意义。
[Abstract]:Ammonia converter is the core equipment of ammonia synthesis, which is usually supported by pedestal. However, because of the large temperature gradient and excessive local stress in the support area, it often leads to the destruction of the supporting structure. The supporting pedestal structure has gradually replaced the skirt pedestal structure. In this paper, the supporting structure and pedestal support area of the ammonia synthesis tower are analyzed by using the large-scale finite element analysis software ANSYS. The main contents are as follows: first of all, The stress analysis of the support underframe of ammonia converter is carried out. Because of the unreasonable structure, three kinds of improved structure are put forward to analyze the stress of the underframe, and on this basis, Through further improvement of the structure, the underframe meets the requirements of strength and stiffness. At the same time, the channel steel structure is optimized, and the structure before and after the optimization is compared and analyzed. Secondly, Mechanical stress analysis, thermal stress analysis, comprehensive analysis of mechanical stress and thermal stress, and stress evaluation of supporting structure of ammonia converter and pedestal structure are carried out. The structure optimization method is used to optimize the structure of two kinds of bracing area, and the structure before and after the optimization is compared and analyzed. Finally, the stress analysis and stress assessment of the head assembly and the underframe of the ammonia synthesis tower are carried out. Taking the distance between the bottom end of the supporting plate and the end of the lower head as the design variable, the supporting position of the support region of the supporting support is optimized. In this paper, the stress analysis of the support region structure of ammonia converter is carried out by using ANSYS to verify the reliability of the supporting support structure and the feasibility of optimal design. And it has theoretical reference and guiding significance for the design of this kind of bearing structure.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ113.252

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