程潮铁尾矿制备泡沫陶瓷材料及其成孔机理研究

发布时间：2018-03-18 04:10

  本文选题：程潮铁尾矿　切入点：辅助成孔剂　出处：《景德镇陶瓷学院》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：尾矿是选矿分选后的产物之一,是选矿厂对原矿经过一定的选别工艺流程,选取目标“有用成分”后排放的固体废料,是目前工业固体废弃物的主要组成部分。大量尾矿的堆积给社会及环境均带来了巨大的压力。本课题利用铁尾矿制备泡沫陶瓷材料,通过对程潮铁尾矿基本性质的检测与分析,结合目前泡沫陶瓷材料制备的相关理论,研究了程潮铁尾矿制备泡沫陶瓷材料的可行性,并对不同辅助发泡剂的成孔机理及其含量与泡沫陶瓷孔结构的关系进行了分析；系统地研究了组成及工艺与铁尾矿基泡沫陶瓷材料性能的关系,通过优化配方及工艺参数,制备出不同性能,满足不同要求的泡沫陶瓷材料。论文的主要研究结果如下：(1)程潮铁尾-200目颗粒约占70%,为细粒级尾矿,主要化学成份与建筑陶瓷材料化学成份基本相同,无需选矿,可整体应用于泡沫陶瓷材料配料中。尾矿中含一定量高温下释放气体的物质,具备制备泡沫陶瓷材料的物质条件。但程潮铁尾矿烧结范围较窄,高温易变形,单独使用时,难于制备出孔结构均匀、外形规整的泡沫陶瓷材料。(2)调整配方组成及工艺参数,可以制备出不同性能的泡沫陶瓷材料。配方中,玻璃粉含量应低于30%,程潮铁尾矿含量宜控制在70%以内。所得泡沫陶瓷的孔与孔是不相通的,为典型的闭孔结构。(3)玻璃粉和碳化硅是尾矿基泡沫陶瓷材料的重要辅助成孔剂,两者同时引入,可获得理想孔结构的尾矿基泡沫陶瓷材料。玻璃粉在烧结过程中形成液相,包裹住尾矿中释放出的气体,形成包裹性气泡,是泡沫材料形成孔结构的必要条件；碳化硅高温氧化释放气体,为泡沫体提供宽温度范围内均匀稳定的气源,是形成均匀孔结构的泡沫陶瓷材料的充要条件。(4)采用粉料松装布料,无需成型,烧成得到块状泡沫陶瓷材料,易切割加工成泡沫陶瓷板、砖等形状的制品。(5)实验制备轻质多孔砖的配方为：程潮铁尾矿50%、石英10%、高岭土15%、玻璃粉25%、外加0.1%碳化硅,烧成温度1160℃。所得试样的抗折强度为18MPa,容重为1.4g/cm3。符合JC/T 1095-2009标准。实验制备的隔热保温板的配方为：程潮铁尾矿60%、石英10%、高岭10%、玻璃粉20%、外加0.4%碳化硅,烧成温度1180℃,所得试样的抗折强度为9MPa,导热系数0.05W/m.k(38℃)。符合JG/T 042-2011标准。
[Abstract]:Tailings are one of the products of mineral separation, which is the solid waste discharged by the concentrator after selecting the target "useful components" after a certain separation process for the raw ore. It is the main component of industrial solid waste at present. The accumulation of a large amount of tailings brings great pressure to society and environment. In this paper, foam ceramic materials are prepared from iron tailings, and the basic properties of Cheng Chao iron tailings are tested and analyzed. The feasibility of preparing foam ceramic materials by Cheng Chao iron tailings was studied based on the theory of foam ceramic material preparation at present. The relationship between the pore forming mechanism of different auxiliary foaming agents and the pore structure of foam ceramics was analyzed. The relationship between the composition and process and the properties of iron tailings based foam ceramic materials was systematically studied. Different properties were prepared by optimizing the formula and process parameters. The main research results of this paper are as follows: Cheng Chao Tail-200 mesh particles account for about 70%, which are fine tailing, and the main chemical composition is basically the same as that of building ceramic materials, so there is no need for ore dressing. The tailings contain a certain amount of gas released at high temperature and have the material conditions to prepare foam ceramic materials. However, the sintering range of Chengchao iron tailings is narrow, and it is easy to deform at high temperature, so it can be used alone. It is difficult to prepare foam ceramic material with uniform pore structure and regular shape.) adjusting the composition and technological parameters of the formula, the foam ceramic material with different properties can be prepared. The content of glass powder should be lower than 30%, and the content of Cheng Chao iron tailings should be controlled within 70%. The pores and pores of the obtained foam ceramics are not related to each other, which is a typical closed pore structure.) Glass powder and silicon carbide are important auxiliary pore-forming agents for tailings based foam ceramic materials. Glass powder forms liquid phase during sintering process, which encapsulates the gas released from tailings and forms encapsulated bubbles, which is a necessary condition for the formation of pore structure of foamed materials. Silicon carbide oxidizes and releases gas at high temperature, which provides a uniform and stable gas source for foam body in a wide range of temperatures. It is a necessary and sufficient condition for the formation of foam ceramic materials with uniform pore structure. The formula for the preparation of light porous brick is: Cheng Chao iron tailings 50, quartz 10, kaolin 15, glass powder 25, and silicon carbide 0.1%. The bending strength of the sample was 18 MPA and the bulk density was 1.4 g / cm ~ 3. The heat insulation board was prepared according to JC/T 1095-2009 standard. The formula of the thermal insulation board was: Cheng Chao iron tailings 60, quartz 1010, kaoling 1010, glass powder 20, and 0.4% sic added, firing temperature 1180 鈩，

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