基于PTFE中空纤维膜的多元重金属溶液膜蒸馏探索研究

发布时间：2018-03-21 11:08

本文选题：多元重金属溶液　切入点：聚四氟乙烯中空纤维膜　出处：《稀有金属》2017年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：以聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)中空纤维疏水膜作为分离膜,分别采用直接接触膜蒸馏(DCMD)和真空膜蒸馏(VMD)对多元重金属溶液进行浓缩处理,通过考察膜蒸馏通量、产水电导率的变化及膜污染情况,探讨重金属离子对膜蒸馏性能的影响,考察VMD内进外抽和外进内抽两种操作方式的差异,并借助扫描电镜(SEM)分析产生差异的机制。结果表明,铜锌镍3种金属元素并未对膜蒸馏通量稳定性及产水水质产生显著影响;研究还发现采用VMD内进外抽操作方式更容易导致膜表面晶体沉积和重金属离子渗漏,经能谱仪检测分析管内表面沉积物为硫酸铜晶体,外进内抽方式则性能良好;电镜分析表明,膜丝内外表面微观结构的差别是造成内进外抽和外进内抽膜蒸馏性能差异的主要原因。本研究结果表明,采用合适的操作方式,膜蒸馏处理多元重金属溶液是可行的。
[Abstract]:Using PTFE hollow fiber hydrophobic membrane as separation membrane, direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) and vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) were used to concentrate the multicomponent heavy metal solution. The flux of membrane distillation was investigated. The effect of heavy metal ions on membrane distillation performance was discussed. The difference between internal and external extraction and external extraction of VMD was investigated. The mechanism of the difference was analyzed by SEM. Copper, zinc and nickel had no significant effect on the flux stability and water quality of membrane distillation. It was also found that the internal and external extraction of VMD was more likely to lead to crystal deposition and heavy metal ion leakage on the membrane surface. The analysis of copper sulfate crystal on the inner surface of the tube by energy spectrometer analysis shows that the internal and external pumping mode is good, and the electron microscope analysis shows that the surface deposit is copper sulfate crystal. The difference in the microstructure of the inner and outer surface of the membrane is the main reason for the difference in the performance of the internal and external extraction and the internal and external extraction of the membrane. The results show that it is feasible to treat the multicomponent heavy metal solution by the membrane distillation with the appropriate operation mode.
【作者单位】：北京有色金属研究总院生物冶金国家工程实验室;
【基金】：国家国际科技合作专项(2014DFA90920)资助
【分类号】：TQ028.8

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