管壳式换热器管端液压胀接实验研究及有限元数值分析

发布时间：2018-04-10 21:46

本文选题：管子与管板连接接头 + 液压胀接　；参考：《北京化工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：管壳式换热器广泛应用于各工业领域,如炼油、化工、核电等,其管子与管板连接接头性能对保证换热器可靠运行至关重要。目前,换热管与管板连接方法有焊接、胀接以及胀焊结合,其中,液压胀接法凭其易操作、易控制等特点被广泛使用。论文采用实验方法研究了10#与16Mn碳钢、全304不锈钢、全321不锈钢三种组合材料换热器管端液压胀接接头胀管率、拉(压)脱力与胀接压力的关系,并建立三维有限元模型进行有限元数值分析,得到如下结论：(1)实验研究得到胀接压力分别为160MPa-280MPa范围内的碳钢组合材料、180MPa-300MPa范围内的全304不锈钢和全321不锈钢接头材料的胀管率范围,胀接接头拉(压)脱力与胀接压力的关系,提出了胀管率与胀接压力、拉(压)脱力与胀接压力以及拉脱力与胀管率之间的拟合公式。以GB151标准为导向,为分别满足胀管率和拉脱强度的标准要求,提出了三种不同材料组合下的管端液压胀接接头胀接压力范围。(2)实验研究得到拉脱力与胀管率的关系。拉脱力随着胀管率的增大,先增大,后减小。即,过大的胀管率会导致“过胀",降低接头抗拉脱强度。(3)实验研究得到压脱力与胀管率的关系,压脱力随着胀管率的增大而增大,且相同胀接压力下,压脱力大于拉脱力。(4)有限元分析表明,管端胀接位置对胀管率和拉脱力影响不明显,但随着胀接位置越来越靠近管板壳程端部,压脱力随之增加。(5)有限元分析表明,胀管率随管子和管板孔之间初始间隙的增大而增大,但接头拉(压)脱力随着初始间隙的增大而减小。(6)有限元分析表明,胀接长度对胀管率影响不大；对于不锈钢材料304和321管端接头,胀接长度对接头的拉脱力影响不大,但对于10#和16Mn碳钢接头,随胀接长度的增大,接头拉脱力减小。
[Abstract]:Shell and tube heat exchangers are widely used in various industrial fields, such as oil refining, chemical industry, nuclear power, etc. The performance of tube-tube-plate connection joint is very important to ensure the reliable operation of heat exchangers.At present, the joining methods of heat transfer pipe and tubesheet include welding, expanding and expanding welding, among which, hydraulic expansion is widely used because of its easy operation and easy control.In this paper, the relationship between 10# and 16Mn carbon steel, all-304 stainless steel, all-321 stainless steel combined material heat exchanger tube end expansion rate, tension (pressure) and expansion pressure is studied.A three-dimensional finite element model is established for finite element numerical analysis.The results are as follows: (1) the experimental study shows that the expansion pressure of carbon steel composite material in the range of 160MPa-280MPa is 180 MPa-300 MPA, and the expansion ratio range of all 304 stainless steel and all 321 stainless steel joint materials, and the relation between the tensile (pressure) desorption force and the expanding joint pressure of the expansion joint is obtained.The fitting formulas between the expansion rate and the expansion pressure, the tension (pressure) and the expansion pressure, as well as the tension and the expansion rate are put forward.Based on the GB151 standard and to meet the requirements of the expansion rate and the tensile strength respectively, the experimental study on the relation between the tensile force and the expansion rate of the hydraulic expansion joint head at the end of the pipe under three different combinations of materials was carried out.The pullout force increases first and then decreases with the increase of tube expansion rate.That is, the excessive expansion rate will lead to "overexpansion" and reduce the tensile strength of the joint. The experimental study shows the relationship between the pressure off force and the expansion rate, and the pressure off force increases with the increase of the expansion rate, and under the same expansion pressure,The finite element analysis shows that the expansion position at the end of the tube has no obvious effect on the expansion rate and the pull off force, but with the expansion position approaching the program end of the tube, the pressure off force increases.The expansion rate increases with the increase of the initial gap between the tube and the tube-plate hole, but the tensile (compression) desorption force decreases with the increase of the initial gap. The finite element analysis shows that the expansion length has little effect on the expansion rate.For 304 and 321 pipe end joints of stainless steel, the swelling length has little effect on the tensile force of the joints, but for 10# and 16Mn carbon steel joints, the tensile force decreases with the increase of the expansion length.
【学位授予单位】：北京化工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ051.5

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