基于碳纳米管-聚丙烯腈纤维支撑层的正渗透膜制备

发布时间：2018-04-13 10:34

  本文选题：正渗透 + 聚丙烯腈　； 参考：《过程工程学报》2017年06期

【摘要】：在聚丙烯腈(PAN)溶液中加入功能化的多壁碳纳米管(f-MWCNTs),采用静电纺丝法制备纳米纤维多孔支撑层,在其表面通过界面聚合制备超薄聚酰胺截盐层,制得正渗透复合膜,考察了PAN浓度及碳纳米管添加量对膜结构性能的影响.结果表明,随PAN浓度增大,支撑层纤维直径增大,水通量降低,截盐率增大.含羧基和羟基的f-MWCNTs可增强膜的亲水性和机械强度,提高膜通量和截盐率.PAN浓度为12%(?)、f-MWCNTs浓度为1.44%(?)时,膜的机械强度可达10.55 MPa,与水的接触角为41.39°,机械强度和亲水性优于未添加碳纳米管的PAN正渗透膜(机械强度3.60 MPa,接触角为61.86°).以1 mol/L Na Cl为汲取液、去离子水为原料液,膜的水通量可达79.1 L/(m2·h),明显高于商用渗透膜CTA-NW和CTA-ES[8.8和18.4 L/(m2·h)],溶质反向通量仅为50.4 g/(m2·h).
[Abstract]:In polyacrylonitrile (pan) solution, functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTsN) were added to prepare porous support layers of nanofibers by electrostatic spinning. Ultrathin polyamide intersected salt layers were prepared by interfacial polymerization on the surface of polyacrylonitrile (pan), and the composite membranes were prepared by normal osmosis.The effects of the concentration of PAN and the amount of carbon nanotubes on the structure and properties of the membranes were investigated.The results show that with the increase of PAN concentration, the fiber diameter of the supporting layer increases, the water flux decreases and the salt interception rate increases.The hydrophilicity and mechanical strength of f-MWCNTs with carboxyl group and hydroxyl group can be enhanced.The mechanical strength of the membrane is 10.55 MPA, and the contact angle with water is 41.39 掳. The mechanical strength and hydrophilicity of the membrane are better than that of the PAN positive osmotic membrane without carbon nanotubes (mechanical strength 3.60 MPA, contact angle 61.86 掳).Using 1 mol/L NaCl as extraction solution and deionized water as raw material, the water flux of the membrane was 79.1 L/(m2 hu, which was significantly higher than that of commercial osmotic membrane CTA-NW and CTA-ES [8.8 and 18.4 L/(m2 h], and the reverse flux of solute was only 50.4 g/(m2 hu.
【作者单位】： 湘潭大学化工学院;中国科学院过程工程研究所绿色过程与工程重点实验室;北京市过程污染控制工程技术研究中心;
【基金】：基金项目 煤转化废水近零排放及资源化关键技术研究与应用示范(编号:2016YFB0600505)
【分类号】：TQ051.893
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本文编号：1744118