具有调湿功能的生态陶瓷砖研究

发布时间：2018-04-20 11:52

  本文选题：硅藻土 + 烧成温度　； 参考：《华南理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：室内空气湿度直接影响着人类的身心健康及物品存放,研究如何将室内湿度维持在一个舒适的范围具有重要意义。本文主要研究了如何制备一种湿容量高、吸放湿响应快、耐候性好的调湿陶瓷砖。首先,将实验所用主要原料进行化学成分和物相分析。实验结果表明:实验所用黏土化学组成中均含有大量的Fe2O3,其影响砖坯呈色,降低白度。钾钠砂、滑石砂中的主要化学成分分别为Si O2、Na2O和Si O2、Mg O。黏土主要由高岭土和石英组成。钾钠砂中以钠长石矿物为主,这使得由该矿物组成的配方更适用于低温烧成。其次,探讨了原料配比和制备工艺对调湿陶瓷砖吸放湿性能的影响。实验发现:硅藻土的引入能够改善材料的吸放湿性能,提高材料的湿容量、吸水率、显气孔率等,同时降低材料的容重。当硅藻土添加量为70g时,湿容量、吸水率、显气孔率、容重分别达到161.46g/m2、30.59%、42.83%、1.41g/cm3。最终经综合考虑,确定基础配方为:硅藻土60g、永和泥7.5g、中山泥7.5g、台山泥7.5g、水洗泥7.5g、钾钠砂15g、滑石砂5g。接着对制备工艺进行正交优选,正交试验结果表明:烧成温度、球磨时间、保温时间等制备工艺对调湿陶瓷砖的吸放湿性能有重大影响。显著顺序为:烧成温度球磨时间保温时间。经综合考虑,最佳的工艺参数为球磨10min、烧成温度1000℃、保温30min。接着探讨了淀粉、木屑、炭粉三种造孔剂对调湿陶瓷砖吸放湿性能的影响。这些造孔剂的引入会提高材料的吸水率,但湿容量和吸放湿性能并未得到明显改善。相反,造孔剂烧成后的沉积物会造成微孔的堵塞,导致吸湿性能下降。最后对陶瓷砖进行无机盐复合,探讨无机盐种类和添加量对陶瓷砖吸放湿性能的影响,并进行环境调湿模拟应用实验。结果表明:三种无机盐(Na Cl、Mg Cl2、Ca Cl2)可连续、均匀地分散到砖体表面,且均能改善陶瓷砖吸放湿性能。经综合比较,Ca Cl2复合调湿陶瓷砖的吸放湿性能最优。当Ca Cl2复合量为2%时,湿容量达757.27 g/m2,放湿量为466.66 g/m2,抗折强度为14.25MPa。环境调湿模拟应用实验表明,经Ca Cl2复合后的调湿陶瓷砖可将空气湿度维持在40%~70%这一人体感知最舒适的范围内。
[Abstract]:Indoor air humidity directly affects the physical and mental health of human beings and the storage of goods. It is of great significance to study how to maintain indoor humidity in a comfortable range. In this paper, the preparation of a ceramic tile with high moisture capacity, quick moisture absorption and desorption response and good weathering resistance was studied. Firstly, the chemical composition and phase of the main raw materials used in the experiment were analyzed. The experimental results show that there is a large amount of Fe _ 2O _ 3 in the chemical composition of the clay used in the experiment, which affects the color of the brick and reduces the whiteness of the brick. The main chemical compositions of potassium sodium sand and talc sand are Sio _ 2 Na _ 2O and Sio _ 2 O _ 2 mg _ 2O, respectively. Clay is mainly composed of kaolin and quartz. The albite mineral is the main mineral in potash and sodium sand, which makes the formula of this mineral more suitable for low temperature sintering. Secondly, the effects of raw material ratio and preparation technology on moisture absorption and desorption properties of humidified ceramic tiles were discussed. It is found that the introduction of diatomite can improve the moisture absorption and desorption performance of the material, increase the moisture capacity, water absorption rate and apparent porosity of the material, and reduce the bulk density of the material at the same time. When the amount of diatomite was 70 g, the wet capacity, water absorption, apparent porosity and bulk density were 161.46g / m230.59g / cm ~ (-3) and 42.83g / cm ~ (-3), respectively. After comprehensive consideration, the basic formula was determined as follows: diatomite 60g, yonghe mud 7.5g, Zhongshan mud 7.5g, Taishan mud 7.5g, washing mud 7.5g, potassium sodium sand 15g, talc sand 5g. The orthogonal experimental results show that the sintering temperature, milling time and holding time have a great influence on the moisture absorption and desorption performance of humidified ceramic tiles. The remarkable order is: sintering temperature ball milling time heat preservation time. The optimum technological parameters are ball milling for 10 min, sintering temperature 1000 鈩，

本文编号：1777631