新型炭素导体接地网材料制备与性能研究

发布时间：2018-04-20 22:05

  本文选题：碳纤维 + 增强　； 参考：《华北电力大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：输变电接地网是用来连接电气设备和大地的大型接地系统,是工作、防雷接地和确保人身设备的重要安全设施。接地网材料是接地系统安全运行的重要保障。接地网材料的先天性缺陷制约了接地系统的快速发展。研发新型的接地网材料是当前输变电接地网科学研究最亟需解决的课题之一。本研究是在石墨电极材料中添加碳纤维,制备碳纤维增强石墨电极材料,改善石墨电极材料的力学性能和电学性能。并研究分析了碳纤维添加的含量、长度和焙烧温度对材料的力学性能和电学性能的影响且模拟海水浸泡环境下材料的耐腐蚀性能。研究分析发现碳纤维的添加使得碳纤维增强石墨电极材料的抗弯强度较石墨电极材料的抗弯强度有明显的提升,碳纤维增强最强抗弯强度由原来的63MPa提高到107MPa,提升率为70%。碳纤维的添加使得碳纤维增强石墨电极材料的电导率与石墨电极材料的电导率相比变化幅度较大。通过采用正交实验方法对碳纤维增强石墨电极材料的性能研究分析得到:影响碳纤维增强石墨电极材料电导率的主要因素是焙烧温度;影响碳纤维增强石墨电极材料抗弯强度的主要因素是焙烧温度。采用磨碎碳纤维,碳纤维添加量为11%,焙烧温度为900℃工艺下,制备的碳纤维增强石墨电极材料的抗弯强度最大,最大值为107MPa。采用磨碎碳纤维,碳纤维添加量为8%,焙烧温度为1200℃工艺下,制备的碳纤维增强石墨电极材料的电导率最大,最大值为314.27S/cm。实验的最优方案是碳纤维添加量2%,碳纤维长度400目,焙烧温度900℃,制备的材料力学性能和电学性能较好,且制备成本较低。通过模拟海水浸泡对碳纤维石墨电极材料耐腐蚀性能研究分析得到,在15天的模拟海水浸泡后发生失重现象。以抗弯强度为107MPa为例,碳纤维增强石墨电极材料在浸泡前、后质量分别为3.8490g、3.8451g,根据失重法及深度法公式计算得到石墨电极材料的腐蚀速率为0.008g/(m2·h),腐蚀深度为0.046mm/a,属于耐腐蚀性材料。通过X射线衍射发现石墨晶体颗粒在腐蚀浸泡前后发生了明显的重排,重排后可导致材料的电导率下降。
[Abstract]:Power transmission and substation grounding network is a large-scale grounding system used to connect electrical equipment and earth. It is an important safety facility for working, lightning grounding and ensuring personal equipment. Grounding grid material is an important guarantee for the safe operation of grounding system. The congenital defects of grounding grid materials restrict the rapid development of grounding system. Research and development of new grounding grid materials is one of the most urgent problems in the scientific research of transmission and transformation grounding grid. In this study, carbon fiber was added to graphite electrode material to prepare carbon fiber reinforced graphite electrode material, and the mechanical and electrical properties of graphite electrode material were improved. The effects of carbon fiber content, length and calcination temperature on the mechanical and electrical properties of the materials were studied and the corrosion resistance of the materials under simulated seawater immersion was studied. It is found that the flexural strength of the carbon fiber reinforced graphite electrode material is obviously higher than that of the graphite electrode material with the addition of carbon fiber. The flexural strength of the carbon fiber reinforced graphite electrode material is increased from the original 63MPa to 107 MPa, and the lifting rate is 70 MPA. With the addition of carbon fiber, the conductivity of carbon fiber reinforced graphite electrode material is larger than that of graphite electrode material. The properties of carbon fiber reinforced graphite electrode materials were studied by orthogonal test. The results showed that the main factor affecting the conductivity of carbon fiber reinforced graphite electrode materials was calcination temperature; The main factor affecting the flexural strength of carbon fiber reinforced graphite electrode materials is calcination temperature. The carbon fiber reinforced graphite electrode material prepared by grinding carbon fiber, carbon fiber addition is 11, calcination temperature is 900 鈩，

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