陶瓷纤维用于实验电炉的保温研究

发布时间：2018-05-17 13:22

  本文选题：陶瓷纤维 + 实验电炉　； 参考：《济南大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：高温炉炉衬的保温材料起着隔热保温的作用,影响着高温炉温度的升降速度、热效率和炉体各部位的温差等,因此对保温材料具有很高的要求。如果整个炉衬材料采用合适的单一纤维层保温体系可实现好的隔热保温效果,但往往价格比较昂贵。因此,利用电炉炉衬从里到外温度逐渐降低的特点,使用复合纤维层保温体系既可实现有效保温,又可降低使用成本,便于推广。实验在研究岩棉、硅酸铝、莫来石及氧化铝纤维制品的耐温性能的基础上,将其作为电炉炉衬多层保温体系的基本单元,测定并分析不同纤维组合炉衬的保温效果,以寻求复合保温体系的最佳组合,为陶瓷纤维在实验电炉中的实际应用提供参考依据。针对纤维制品在高温下易烧结粉化的缺点,通过对纤维制品浸渍或喷覆氧化铝料浆,提高其抗烧结性。通过DTA、XRD和SEM等测试分析手段研究了纤维加热前后的晶相及微结构,得出岩棉和含锆硅酸铝纤维毡是非晶态材料。随着热处理温度的增加,伴随着析晶和晶粒长大,纤维表面由光滑变粗糙,纤维制品收缩增加,部分烧结,导热系数增加。其中,岩棉耐温性最差,热处理时收缩严重,使用温度低于950℃;含锆硅酸铝纤维毡在1350℃热处理时出现明显收缩,故使用温度应低于1350℃。莫来石纤维板和氧化铝纤维板是晶态材料,耐温性良好。高温热处理时氧化铝纤维板收缩很小,晶粒均匀细小,使用温度高于1550℃;莫来石纤维板则收缩较大,性能次之,使用温度低于1550℃。根据对复合保温体系中的各层界面温度的测定与分析,并综合成本因素考虑,可以得出:当炉温为950℃时,组合一(莫来石纤维板+含锆硅酸铝纤维毡+岩棉)是最佳保温层。当炉温为1150℃时,组合三(莫来石纤维板+莫来石纤维板+含锆硅酸铝纤维毡)是最佳保温层。当炉温为1350℃和1550℃时,组合四(莫来石纤维板+莫来石纤维板+莫来石纤维板)是最佳的保温层组合。当炉温为950℃、1150℃、1350℃和1550℃时,组合一的热流密度均最大,组合四的热流密度均最小。根据热工计算预测:当炉温为1550℃时,莫来石纤维板60mm、含锆硅酸铝纤维毡124mm和岩棉53mm可以使保温层最外侧温度不高于100℃。在陶瓷纤维制品表面上喷涂或浸渍的氧化铝料浆层,降低了岩棉及莫来石纤维板的烧结收缩和抑制了纤维晶粒长大。岩棉浸渍氧化铝料浆后导热系数变化不大,但最高使用温度提高到950℃~1000℃。莫来石纤维板涂覆三次氧化铝料浆后导热系数变化不大,最高使用温度可提高到1500℃~1550℃。利用改性陶瓷纤维制品构成的复合保温体系(组合二),当炉温为950℃~1350℃时,涂层可以明显提高其在使用过程的抗烧结性。
[Abstract]:The heat preservation material of the lining of high temperature furnace plays the role of heat insulation, which affects the rising and falling speed of the temperature of high temperature furnace, the thermal efficiency and the temperature difference of different parts of the furnace body, so it has high requirements for the heat preservation material. If the whole lining material adopts the suitable single fiber layer insulation system, it can achieve good thermal insulation effect, but it is often more expensive. Therefore, the use of composite fiber layer insulation system can not only achieve effective insulation, but also reduce the cost of use, and is easy to be popularized by making use of the characteristics of furnace lining decreasing gradually from the inside to outside temperature. On the basis of studying the thermal resistance of rock wool, aluminum silicate, mullite and alumina fiber products, the experiment took them as the basic unit of multi-layer insulation system of electric furnace lining, and determined and analyzed the insulation effect of different fiber combination lining. In order to find the best combination of composite insulation system, the reference for the practical application of ceramic fiber in experimental electric furnace is provided. In view of the disadvantage that fiber products are easy to be sintered and powdered at high temperature, the sintering resistance of fiber products is improved by impregnating or coating with alumina slurry. The crystalline phase and microstructure of the fibers before and after heating were studied by means of DTA-XRD and SEM. The results show that rock wool and aluminum silicate fiber felts containing zirconium are amorphous materials. With the increase of heat treatment temperature, along with crystallization and grain growth, the surface of the fiber changes from smooth to rough, the shrinkage of fiber products increases, partial sintering and thermal conductivity increase. Among them, the rock wool has the worst temperature resistance, the shrinkage is serious during heat treatment, the use temperature is lower than 950 鈩，

本文编号：1901544