泡沫镍负载镍基复合材料的制备及电催化析氢性能

发布时间：2018-05-19 12:18

本文选题：泡沫镍 + 石墨烯　；参考：《湖南理工学院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：氢能是清洁能源。目前,电催化析氢是制氢的重要手段,而电极材料是电催化析氢的关键。Pt是电催化析氢性能十分理想的电极材料,但Pt丰度低,价格昂贵,很大程度上限制了它的应用。过渡金属镍作为电催化析氢材料受到了广泛研究,其中,Ni_3S_2和NiO具有制备工艺简单、化学性质稳定、电催化析氢性能优异等优点,但同时也存在电催化析氢过程中容易发生囤聚沉降等缺陷,限制其广泛应用。本论文以泡沫镍为基体、硫脲为硫源,采用一步水热法合成了Ni_3S_2/Ni复合材料,并研究其电催化析氢性能。通过在Ni_3S_2/Ni复合材料中引入石墨烯,显著提高其电催化析氢性能。此外,采用一步简易氧化法合成了NiO/Ni复合材料,并研究其电催化析氢性能。具体研究内容如下:1.以泡沫镍为基体、硫脲为硫源,采用一步水热法合成三维多孔Ni_3S_2/Ni纳米片复合材料。应用XRD、SEM、XPS等技术对样品进行表征,采用电化学方法研究其电催化析氢性能。结果表明,电流密度为10mA/cm~2,过电位为279mV,塔菲尔斜率为190mV/dec,且具有很好的循环稳定性。2.以泡沫镍为基体、硫脲为硫源、氧化石墨为原料,采用一步水热法合成了层状石墨烯包裹三维多孔Ni_3S_2/Ni纳米片复合材料。应用XRD、SEM、XPS等技术对样品进行表征,采用电化学方法研究其电催化析氢性能。结果表明,电流密度为10mA/cm~2,过电位为110mV,塔菲尔斜率为170mV/dec,且具有很好的循环稳定性。3.以泡沫镍为基体、过硫酸钾为氧化剂,采用一步简易氧化法制备了海绵状的NiO/Ni复合材料。应用XRD、SEM、XPS等技术对样品进行表征,采用电化学方法研究其电催化析氢性能。结果表明,电流密度为10mA/cm~2,过电位为135mV,塔菲尔斜率为182mV/dec,且具有很好的循环稳定性。
[Abstract]:Hydrogen energy is clean energy. At present, electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution is an important means of hydrogen production, and electrode material is the key of electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution. Pt is a very ideal electrode material for electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution. However, Pt is low in abundance and expensive in price, which limits its application to a great extent. Nickel transition metal has been widely studied as an electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution material. Among them, Ni _ S _ 3s _ 2 and NiO have the advantages of simple preparation process, stable chemical properties, excellent electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance, etc. However, there are some defects in electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution, such as accumulation and sedimentation, which limit its wide application. In this paper, Ni_3S_2/Ni composites were synthesized by one step hydrothermal method with nickel foam as matrix and thiourea as sulfur source, and their electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution properties were studied. The electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution of Ni_3S_2/Ni composites was improved by introducing graphene. In addition, NiO/Ni composites were synthesized by one step simple oxidation method and their electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution properties were studied. The specific contents of the study are as follows: 1. Three dimensional porous Ni_3S_2/Ni nanocomposites were synthesized by one step hydrothermal method with nickel foam as matrix and thiourea as sulfur source. The samples were characterized by XRDX SEMX XPS and their electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution properties were studied by electrochemical method. The results show that the current density is 10 Ma / cm ~ (-2), the overpotential is 279 MV, the Taffer slope is 190 MV / r, and has good cycle stability. Using nickel foam as matrix, thiourea as sulfur source and graphite oxide as raw material, layered graphene coated three-dimensional porous Ni_3S_2/Ni nanocomposites were synthesized by one step hydrothermal method. The samples were characterized by XRDX SEMX XPS and their electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution properties were studied by electrochemical method. The results show that the current density is 10 Ma / cm ~ (-2), the overpotential is 110 MV, the Taffel slope is 170 MV / r, and has good cycle stability. The spongy NiO/Ni composites were prepared by one step simple oxidation method with nickel foam as matrix and potassium persulfate as oxidant. The samples were characterized by XRDX SEMX XPS and their electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution properties were studied by electrochemical method. The results show that the current density is 10 Ma / cm ~ (-2), the overpotential is 135 MV, and the Taffel slope is 182 MV / r ~ (-1), and has good cyclic stability.
【学位授予单位】：湖南理工学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TQ116.2;TB333

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