纳米硫化铜的制备及其性质研究

发布时间：2018-05-27 02:16

本文选题：纳米硫化铜 + 多级花状　；参考：《天津大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：硫化铜纳米材料展现出优异的光学、电学、光电、化学等特性,在新能源、生物医药、环境工程等行业具有重要的应用价值,开发新形貌新性能的纳米硫化铜成为该领域的研究热点。本文采用简单的水热法制备了多级花状、管状、六角片状纳米硫化铜。研究了温度、时间、浓度、铜源、硫源、保护剂等因素对产物结构、形貌和粒径的影响,利用X-射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜等仪器对其进行表征和分析,探讨了产物硫化铜纳米颗粒的光学性质及其催化降解性能。以氯化铜为铜源,硫脲为硫源,聚乙二醇为保护剂,合成了由纳米片层叠交错构成的粒径约5μm的多级花状纳米硫化铜;将硫源换作硫代乙酰胺,不添加任何保护剂的条件下,得到直径约1μm,长20~30μm的管状硫化铜,管壁由纳米片组装而成。选用多级花状纳米硫化铜颗粒为类芬顿试剂的核心成分,将其用于降解罗丹明B(RhB)的催化反应中,在过氧化氢辅助下,2 h内RhB的降解率达到91%;在pH=4~10的范围内该类芬顿试剂均保持较高的催化活性;动力学研究表明,该催化降解反应符合准一级动力学方程。对于管状纳米硫化铜对应的催化体系,在相同条件下RhB的降解率为88%。多级花状和管状纳米硫化铜用于光催化反应中,展现出令人满意的光催化活性,在2 h的观测周期,RhB的降解率分别达到63%和55%。向水热反应体系中加入氨水,以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)为保护剂,获得粒径分别为70 nm和50 nm的六角片状硫化铜,产物对应的禁带宽度数值为2.60 eV、2.45 eV。将六角片状纳米硫化铜颗粒和过氧化氢的组合用于降解RhB的反应,两种粒径的硫化铜颗粒对应的体系中,77%和85%的RhB在2 h内发生降解。
[Abstract]:Copper sulphide nanomaterials exhibit excellent optical, electrical, optoelectronic and chemical properties, and have important application value in new energy, biomedical, environmental engineering and other industries. The development of nano-copper sulfide with new morphology and new properties has become a research hotspot in this field. In this paper, multistage flowerlike, tubular and hexagonal copper sulfide nanocrystals were prepared by a simple hydrothermal method. The effects of temperature, time, concentration, copper source, sulfur source and protectant on the structure, morphology and particle size of the product were studied. The products were characterized and analyzed by means of X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, etc. The optical properties and catalytic degradation properties of copper sulfide nanoparticles were investigated. Using copper chloride as copper source, thiourea as sulfur source and polyethylene glycol as protective agent, a multistage flower-shaped copper sulfide with a particle size of about 5 渭 m was synthesized by lamination of nanochips, and the sulfur source was replaced by thioacetamide without adding any protective agent. The tubular copper sulfide with a diameter of about 1 渭 m and a length of 2030 渭 m was obtained. Multistage flower-shaped nano-copper sulphide particles were selected as the core components of Fenton-like reagent and used in catalytic degradation of Rhodamine Bhh _ (B). The degradation rate of RhB reached 91h with the help of hydrogen peroxide, and the Fenton reagent kept high catalytic activity in the range of pH=4~10, and the kinetic study showed that the catalytic degradation was in accordance with the quasi first-order kinetic equation. For the corresponding catalytic system of tubular nano copper sulfide, the degradation rate of RhB is 88% under the same conditions. Multistage flower-shaped and tubular nano-copper sulfide showed satisfactory photocatalytic activity in photocatalytic reactions, and the degradation rates of RhB reached 63% and 55% respectively in the observation period of 2 h. Using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as protective agents, hexagonal copper sulphide with particle size of 70 nm and 50 nm was obtained by adding ammonia into hydrothermal reaction system. The corresponding band gap of the product was 2.60 EV ~ 2.45 EV. The combination of hexagonal copper sulphide nanoparticles and hydrogen peroxide was used to degrade RhB. 77% and 85% of RhB were degraded within 2 h in the corresponding system of two kinds of copper sulfide particles.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ131.21;TB383.1

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