采用湿法成型工艺制备碱性电池隔膜纸的研究

发布时间：2018-06-02 06:26

本文选题：聚丙烯纤维 + ES纤维　；参考：《天津科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着环境问题的日益严重,清洁型汽车(如燃料电池汽车和电动汽车等)的研发已经备受关注。其中,可充电型的混合动力汽车可能被认为是最有前景的。但是,混合动力型汽车的电池必须具备优良的输出功率、高容量、寿命长等特点。碱性电池以其优良的性能而成为混合动力型汽车的电源之一。因此,高性能的碱性电池越来越受到重视,隔膜纸作为影响电池性能的重要因素之一,高性能隔膜纸的研究和生产显得尤为重要。本文以聚丙烯纤维与聚乙烯/聚丙烯双组分皮芯结构(Ethylene-Propylene Side By Side,简称ES)纤维为隔膜纸原料,采用湿法成型工艺制备高匀度、高质量的碱性电池隔膜纸。先对聚丙烯纤维和ES纤维的基本形态分析;然后考察了聚丙烯纤维和ES纤维混合抄造过程中,ES纤维的加入量对隔膜纸页成型的作用,并探讨了 ES纤维加入量对隔膜纸性能的关系;为了提高电池隔膜纸的强度和吸碱性能等,优化了隔膜纸成型过程中的热压温度、热压压力变化与隔膜纸性能的关系。为得到高强度、高质量的隔膜纸,对疏解转数、不同类型助剂、纤维配比等条件进行了优化;以及采用浓硫酸对电池隔膜纸进行磺化处理,提高隔膜纸的亲水性能。研究结果表明,ES纤维的平均直径为14.1μm,而聚丙烯纤维平均直径为2.06 μm,ES纤维的加入将会影响着隔膜纸的孔径、孔隙率等质量指标;聚丙烯纤维较长,在与ES纤维混合抄造过程中,ES纤维的加入量在20%时纸页匀度较好;隔膜纸最佳的热压压力和热压温度分别为0.5 MPa和135 ℃,纤维之间形成了多接触点的熔融结合,纸页强度上升。此外,疏解转数的增加促进了纤维沉降体积和隔膜纸强度的上升,且在45000r后两者变化趋于平缓。水溶性高分子PEO、CMC、PAM的加入均会改善纤维分散情况,并使得隔膜纸强度提高,最终选用1.5% (相对绝干浆料)的PEO加入纤维悬浮体系。ES纤维的加入使得隔膜纸强度、孔径、吸碱率等均呈现出上升趋势,当ES纤维加入量为45%时,符合碱性电池隔膜纸最大孔径的要求。亲水化处理隔膜纸,磺化时间为15 min左右时隔膜纸性能最佳。
[Abstract]:With the increasingly serious environmental problems, the development of clean cars, such as fuel cell vehicles and electric vehicles, has attracted much attention. Among them, rechargeable hybrid cars may be considered the most promising. However, the batteries of hybrid vehicles must have excellent output power, high capacity, long life and so on. The battery has become one of the power sources of hybrid electric vehicles for its excellent performance. Therefore, the high performance alkaline batteries are being paid more and more attention. As one of the important factors affecting the performance of the battery, the research and production of high performance diaphragm paper is particularly important. This paper is based on the double component core of polypropene fiber and polyethylene / polypropylene. The structure (Ethylene-Propylene Side By Side, abbreviated as ES) fiber is a diaphragm material, using the wet molding process to prepare the high evenness and high quality alkaline battery diaphragm. The basic morphological analysis of polypropylene fiber and ES fiber is first analyzed. Then, the amount of ES fiber added to the diaphragm page during the mixing process of polypropylene fiber and ES fiber is investigated. In order to improve the strength and alkali absorption properties of the diaphragm paper, the relationship between the temperature of the diaphragm paper and the relationship between the change of hot press pressure and the performance of diaphragm paper is optimized in order to improve the strength of the diaphragm paper and the performance of the diaphragm paper. In order to get the high strength, high quality diaphragm, the number of dispersing and different types of auxiliaries for the separation of ES. The fiber ratio and other conditions were optimized, and the hydrophilic property of diaphragm paper was improved by sulfuric acid. The average diameter of ES fiber was 14.1 u m, and the average diameter of polypropylene fiber was 2.06 m. The addition of ES fiber would affect the pore size and porosity of diaphragm paper. The polypropylene fiber is longer. In the process of mixing with ES fiber, the addition of ES fiber at 20% is better. The best hot press pressure and the hot press temperature of the diaphragm are 0.5 MPa and 135 C respectively. The fusion of multi contact points is formed between the fibers and the strength of the paper page rises. In addition, the increase of the number of unfolding promotes the fiber settlement. The strength of the product and diaphragm is rising, and the change tends to be slow after 45000r. The addition of water-soluble polymer PEO, CMC, and PAM will improve the dispersion of fiber and increase the strength of the diaphragm, and finally select the PEO of 1.5% (relative dry slurry) to join the fiber suspension system.ES fiber to make the diaphragm strength, pore size, alkali absorption rate and so on. When ES fiber is added to 45%, it meets the requirement of the maximum aperture of alkaline battery diaphragm. The performance of diaphragm paper is the best when hydrophilic membrane paper is hydrophilic and the time of sulfonation is about 15 min.
【学位授予单位】：天津科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM911.14

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