城市污水处理厂化学强化生物除磷的试验研究

  本文关键词：城市污水处理厂化学强化生物除磷的试验研究，由笔耕文化传播整理发布。

中国环境科学 2014,34(12)：3070~3077 China Environmental Science

城市污水处理厂化学强化生物除磷的试验研究

李子富1*,云玉攀1,曾 灏2,周晓琴1 (1.北京科技大学土木与环境工程学院,北京 100083；2.北京市怀柔区环境保护局,北京 101400)

摘要：为有效解决北京某城市污水处理厂出水总磷含量较高的实际问题,通过在生物处理工艺(A2O)后端添加化学除磷强化单元的方法,依次开展了实验室试验和现场的生产性试验.实验室试验以好氧池出水为试验用水,对不同浓度梯度的聚合氯化铝(PAC)、聚合硫酸铁(PFS)、三氯化铁(FeCl3)等除磷效果进行了对比研究,并分别对其除磷机理进行了深入的探讨.试验结果表明:3种药剂中,PAC除磷效果最好,当其投加量为60mg/L,投加系数β为4.15时,出水总磷含量可小于0.5mg/L,而且药剂投加成本较低,仅为0.078元/t.现场生产性试验选取好氧池出水端为药剂投加点,对PAC的除磷效果进行现场验证.经试验测定,当PAC投加量为60mg/L,投加系数β为4.22时,污水处理厂出水总磷含量远低于0.5mg/L,符合排放要求.考虑到进水量和负荷的波动,在保证出水达标排放的前提下,为保证药剂的有效利用,通过采取针对性措施提高前端生物除磷效率及反馈投加药剂的方法,以有效减少药剂的投加量及化学污泥的排放量,达到节能减排的目的. 关键词：污水处理；化学强化除磷；混凝剂投加

中图分类号：X703.1 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000-6923(2014)12-3070-08

Experimental study on chemically enhanced biological phosphorus removal for municipal wastewater treatment plant. LI Zi-fu1*, YUN Yu-pan1, ZENG Hao2, ZHOU Xiao-qin1 (1.School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China；2.Huairou District of Beijing Environmental Protection Bureau, Beijing 101400, China). China Environmental Science, 2014,34(12)：3070~3077

Abstract：In order to deal with the problem that the high total phosphorus (TP) concentration of effluent from one municipal wastewater treatment plant in Beijing,using the biological process(A2O) followed with chemical phosphorus removal process,laboratory tests and technical scale experiments were conducted in order. The aerobic tank effluent was sampled for evaluating the phosphorus removal efficiency of PAC, PFS, FeCl3 respectively, and the phosphorus removal mechanisms of the three reagents were further discussed. Phosphorus removal efficiency of PAC was the best among three coagulants. The TP concentration of effluent could be lower than 0.5mg/L and the coagulant cost was 0.078Yuan/t with the dosage of 60mg/L and the coefficient β of 4.15. The aerobic tank outlet was selected to be the dosing position for the technical scale experiments. Results showed that demand in phosphorus removal efficiency could be met with a PAC dosage of 60mg/L and coefficient β of 4.15. Considering the water quality and loading fluctuation, in order to ensure TP concentration of effluent discharged lower than 0.5mg/L, a detailed optimization scheme was proposed, through taking effective measures of improving the biological phosphorus removal and dosing the coagulants with feedback control methods to decrease the dosage amount of PAC,therefore reduced the operation cost and chemical sludge amount. Key words：wastewater treatment；chemically enhanced biological phosphorus removal；coagulant dosage

目前,城市污水处理厂所采用的除磷技术主要有生物除磷和化学除磷两种.生物除磷是在好氧条件下,通过微生物对污染水体中的溶解性磷酸盐过量吸收来完成.化学除磷则是向水体中加入化学药剂,通过其与水体中的磷酸盐反应来达到除磷目的[1].相比较而言,生物除磷更易受处理系统的BOD负荷、进水COD/TP、厌氧与好氧

-段的DO比、泥龄、厌氧段的NO3浓度等诸多

因素的影响[2],除磷稳定性差;化学除磷则受进水水质的影响较小,除磷效果稳定.

随着我国对水污染问题的重视,对污水排放的要求势必会提高(TP≤0.5mg/L),单纯的生物处理工艺将很难达到要求.因此,将化学除磷和生物除磷有效结合就形成了一种运行简便、经济有效

收稿日期：2014-03-31

* 责任作者, 教授, zifulee@

  本文关键词：城市污水处理厂化学强化生物除磷的试验研究，，由笔耕文化传播整理发布。