聚集辐射热解铁酸盐颗粒过程光热特性分析
发布时间：2018-09-14 08:29
【摘要】：太阳能利用以其储量无限性、开发利用清洁性,成为21世纪解决化石能源短缺、环境污染和温室效应等问题的有效途径之一。太阳能高温热化学转换是通过聚光产生高温热能来驱动热化学反应,将所聚集的太阳能转化为碳氢燃料的化学能,并在制氢、温室气体减排等领域得到广泛的研究与应用。太阳能与热化学反应相结合的能量转换过程不仅使其由物理能品位提升到化学能品位,而且可以将太阳能存储为解决单独光热利用系统不稳定、不连续等问题,有效提高太阳能热利用系统的效率。相比于其他制氢工质对,铁酸盐(MFe_2O_4,M=Ni,Co,Cu,Zn等)工质对由于其热解温度较低、氧化还原性能良好以及具有较高的产氢率而受到了人们的青睐。本文以两步热化学循环制氢为应用背景,结合实际应用过程中对太阳能高效低成本利用技术的发展需求,分析了太阳能热化学转换技术中光-热-化学能输运特性,采用数值模拟与实验测量相结合的手段研究了聚集太阳辐射热解铁酸盐颗粒过程中光热传输特性。主要的研究内容如下:采用化学共沉淀法制备了适用于中高温太阳能热化学制氢的铁酸盐微颗粒(Ni Fe_2O_4、Cu Fe_2O_4、Mn_(0.9)Cu_(0.1)Fe_2O_4),采用XRD、SEM等手段获得了制备颗粒的纯度、粒径、孔隙度等参数;通过同步热分析仪获得了不同加热速率下Ni Fe_2O_4和Cu Fe_2O_4颗粒的失重曲线以及初始分解温度;基于失重曲线采用Flynn-Wall-Ozawa方法得到了Ni Fe_2O_4和Cu Fe_2O_4颗粒的热分解动力学三参数:表观活化能、指前因子和机理函数。搭建了用于能源材料光谱辐射物性测量的实验装置,通过中国计量院的标准样片实验数据获得了实验系统的测量误差以及测量不确定度。采用溴化钾压片法测量了铁酸盐微颗粒在光谱区间0.5-2.1μm的光谱透过特性;运用Mie理论和KK关系式反演获得了铁酸盐粒子的复折射率与光谱的变化关系;基于计算得到复折射率,采用普朗克平均因子法分析了铁酸盐颗粒平均吸收因子与温度的变化关系。建立了多层-多碟聚光器的光输运模型,校正了多碟系统设计参数并分析了太阳能多碟聚光系统焦平面热流的分布规律,揭示了太阳能多碟聚光系统中反射镜固定螺栓迁移对聚集热流散斑的影响机理。采用蒙特卡洛法与有限体积法建立太阳能热裂解金属氧化物颗粒过程中热化学反应流的光热输运模型,分析了Ni Fe_2O_4反应颗粒粒径、质量流量、保护气体流速以及温度等对反应器内温度场、流场分布以及反应颗粒转化率的影响;研制了腔式太阳能热化学反应器,分析了运行参数对反应腔热性能的影响,获得了太阳直射热流密度以及保护气体流量对反应器内壁面温度的影响规律。采用?理论并结合UDF技术数值分析了太阳能热化学反应器在不同工况参数(反应颗粒粒径、质量流量、保护气体流速以及温度等)时物理?和化学?的分布特性;考虑理想Ni Fe_2O_4和Cu Fe_2O_4工质对太阳能热化学系统,采用热力学第二定律研究了不同工况参数对系统效率以及太阳能-化学能转化效率的影响;研究结果为太阳能热化学反应器的优化以及实验运行参数的优化提供了参考。
[Abstract]:Solar energy utilization is one of the effective ways to solve the problems of fossil energy shortage, environmental pollution and greenhouse effect in the 21st century because of its unlimited reserves and cleanliness. The energy conversion process combining solar energy with thermochemical reactions not only improves the grade of physical energy to that of chemical energy, but also solves the problems of instability and discontinuity in a single photothermal utilization system. Compared with other hydrogen-making working pairs, ferrite (MFe_2O_4, M=Ni, Co, Cu, Zn, etc.) working pairs are favored by people because of their low pyrolysis temperature, good redox performance and high hydrogen production rate. The development demand of high efficiency and low cost solar energy utilization technology is analyzed. The photothermal-chemical energy transport characteristics of solar thermochemical conversion technology are analyzed. The photothermal transport characteristics in the process of pyrolysis ferrite particles by solar radiation are studied by means of numerical simulation and experimental measurement. Ferrate micro-particles (Ni Fe_2O_4, Cu Fe_2O_4, Mn_ (0.9) Cu_ (0.1) Fe_2O_4) suitable for thermochemical hydrogen production from solar energy at medium and high temperatures were prepared. The purity, particle size and porosity of the prepared particles were obtained by XRD, SEM, and the weight loss curves of Ni Fe_2O_4 and Cu Fe_2O_4 particles at different heating rates were obtained by synchronous thermal analyzer. Based on the weightlessness curve, the thermal decomposition kinetics parameters of Ni Fe_2O_4 and Cu Fe_2O_4 particles were obtained by Flynn-Wall-Ozawa method: apparent activation energy, pre-exponential factor and mechanism function. The measurement error and uncertainty of the experimental system are obtained. The spectral transmission characteristics of ferrite particles in the spectral range of 0.5-2.1 micron are measured by potassium bromide sheeting method. The complex refractive index of ferrite particles is obtained by using Mie theory and KK relation inversion. Planck mean factor method is used to analyze the relationship between the average absorption factor of ferrite particles and temperature.The optical transport model of multi-layer-multi-disk concentrator is established,the design parameters of multi-disk system are corrected,the distribution law of heat flow in the focal plane of solar multi-disk concentrator is analyzed,and the mirror fixation in solar multi-disk concentrator is revealed. The influence mechanism of bolt migration on thermal speckle accumulation was studied. The photothermal transport model of thermochemical reaction flow in the process of pyrolysis of metal oxide particles by solar energy was established by Monte Carlo method and finite volume method. The influence of operating parameters on the thermal performance of the reaction chamber was analyzed, and the influence of solar direct heat flux density and protective gas flow rate on the inner wall temperature of the reactor was obtained. The physical and chemical characteristics of the reactor under different operating conditions (particle size, mass flow rate, protective gas flow rate, temperature, etc.) were studied. The system efficiency and solar-chemical energy under different operating conditions were studied by the second law of thermodynamics, considering the ideal working medium of Ni Fe_2O_4 and Cu Fe_2O_4 for solar thermochemical system. The research results provide a reference for the optimization of solar thermochemical reactor and the optimization of experimental operation parameters.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TK519;TQ116.2
本文编号：2242137
[Abstract]:Solar energy utilization is one of the effective ways to solve the problems of fossil energy shortage, environmental pollution and greenhouse effect in the 21st century because of its unlimited reserves and cleanliness. The energy conversion process combining solar energy with thermochemical reactions not only improves the grade of physical energy to that of chemical energy, but also solves the problems of instability and discontinuity in a single photothermal utilization system. Compared with other hydrogen-making working pairs, ferrite (MFe_2O_4, M=Ni, Co, Cu, Zn, etc.) working pairs are favored by people because of their low pyrolysis temperature, good redox performance and high hydrogen production rate. The development demand of high efficiency and low cost solar energy utilization technology is analyzed. The photothermal-chemical energy transport characteristics of solar thermochemical conversion technology are analyzed. The photothermal transport characteristics in the process of pyrolysis ferrite particles by solar radiation are studied by means of numerical simulation and experimental measurement. Ferrate micro-particles (Ni Fe_2O_4, Cu Fe_2O_4, Mn_ (0.9) Cu_ (0.1) Fe_2O_4) suitable for thermochemical hydrogen production from solar energy at medium and high temperatures were prepared. The purity, particle size and porosity of the prepared particles were obtained by XRD, SEM, and the weight loss curves of Ni Fe_2O_4 and Cu Fe_2O_4 particles at different heating rates were obtained by synchronous thermal analyzer. Based on the weightlessness curve, the thermal decomposition kinetics parameters of Ni Fe_2O_4 and Cu Fe_2O_4 particles were obtained by Flynn-Wall-Ozawa method: apparent activation energy, pre-exponential factor and mechanism function. The measurement error and uncertainty of the experimental system are obtained. The spectral transmission characteristics of ferrite particles in the spectral range of 0.5-2.1 micron are measured by potassium bromide sheeting method. The complex refractive index of ferrite particles is obtained by using Mie theory and KK relation inversion. Planck mean factor method is used to analyze the relationship between the average absorption factor of ferrite particles and temperature.The optical transport model of multi-layer-multi-disk concentrator is established,the design parameters of multi-disk system are corrected,the distribution law of heat flow in the focal plane of solar multi-disk concentrator is analyzed,and the mirror fixation in solar multi-disk concentrator is revealed. The influence mechanism of bolt migration on thermal speckle accumulation was studied. The photothermal transport model of thermochemical reaction flow in the process of pyrolysis of metal oxide particles by solar energy was established by Monte Carlo method and finite volume method. The influence of operating parameters on the thermal performance of the reaction chamber was analyzed, and the influence of solar direct heat flux density and protective gas flow rate on the inner wall temperature of the reactor was obtained. The physical and chemical characteristics of the reactor under different operating conditions (particle size, mass flow rate, protective gas flow rate, temperature, etc.) were studied. The system efficiency and solar-chemical energy under different operating conditions were studied by the second law of thermodynamics, considering the ideal working medium of Ni Fe_2O_4 and Cu Fe_2O_4 for solar thermochemical system. The research results provide a reference for the optimization of solar thermochemical reactor and the optimization of experimental operation parameters.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TK519;TQ116.2
【相似文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
1 屠萍官;铁酸盐包复膜的实验研究[J];水处理技术;1992年05期
2 屠萍官;玉浦裕;;用铁酸盐包复法处理含重金属离子的废液[J];环境科学动态;1992年02期
3 ;国外化工技术[J];陕西化工;1987年01期
4 王静,邓彤,冯亚萍,戴玉杰;钴基铁酸盐的室温合成和表征[J];光谱学与光谱分析;2005年08期
5 李磊;顾文秀;吴婷婷;王玉如;邹路易;;铁酸盐材料制备及应用进展[J];现代化工;2013年02期
6 陈英,程永;利用可重复使用的铁酸盐处理飞尘[J];国外科技动态;1995年06期
7 张春雷，吴通好，，杨洪茂，姜玉子，彭少逸;氧缺位铁酸盐的制备及结构与还原行为的研究[J];燃料化学学报;1996年01期
8 屠萍官;;对铁酸盐法处理过程中F离子去除的方法实验[J];环境保护;1991年06期
9 王祝然;;加石膏的C_4AF的水化机理和动力学[J];水泥;1982年06期
10 刘辉,魏雨;铁酸盐纳米粒子的制备及分散性研究[J];无机盐工业;2005年06期
相关会议论文 前1条
1 马令娟;陈林深;陈诵英;;纳米多金属铁酸盐分解CO_2的研究[A];第十一届全国青年催化学术会议论文集（上）[C];2007年
相关博士学位论文 前4条
1 黄兴;聚集辐射热解铁酸盐颗粒过程光热特性分析[D];哈尔滨工业大学;2016年
2 沈昱;铁酸盐光催化剂的制备及其降解苯的原位红外光谱研究[D];大连理工大学;2012年
3 马令娟;铁酸盐的H_2还原和CO_2分解反应的研究[D];浙江大学;2008年
4 武峥;铁酸盐多铁材料光伏及催化性能研究[D];中国地质大学（北京）;2014年
相关硕士学位论文 前3条
1 尹龙;纳米介孔铁酸盐的表面化学反应[D];济南大学;2014年
2 韩丽静;铁酸盐（ZnFe_204_、BiFe0_3、LaFe0_3）的合成及在PVC和PP中的阻燃应用[D];河北大学;2015年
3 蒯三可;Ce~(3+)掺杂Zn铁酸盐磁性纳米材料制备及污水处理的应用[D];扬州大学;2014年
本文编号：2242137
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/kejilunwen/huaxuehuagong/2242137.html
