循环流化床解耦燃烧过程低NO x 排放机理研究

发布时间：2021-01-20 13:25

　　循环流化床解耦燃烧（CFBDC）实现低氮氧化物（NOx）排放的技术可行性已在处理白酒糟（DSL）的工业示范装置上得到了很好验证。低NOx排放被认为是由包括焦炭,焦油和热解气（py-gas）的DSL热解产物在燃烧器中再燃时共同还原NOx的结果。为揭示CFBDC系统中还原NOx的机理,本研究采用实验室规模的沉降炉（DTR）反应器,模拟CFBDC再燃条件,研究了生物质半焦、焦油和热解气对NO的还原能力,并因此概算了 CFBDC中各热解产物组分的潜在作用。本论文在500℃下热解DSL制备测试用半焦和焦油,py-gas根据实验所得热解气的组成采用钢瓶气配制。为确保NO被充分还原,大多数实验在反应物总质量给料速度0.15g/min条件下进行。第4章首先研究了 NO还原效率（ηe）随反应物进料速率、再燃化学计量比（SR）、反应温度、停留时间和初始烟气组成的变化。结果表明,在相同质量流速条件下,焦油较半焦和热解气更能抑制NO的产生。热解气中CO的存在抑制了均相NO还原反应,导致热解气的ηe较低。对于由DSL制备的半焦和焦油,高温和高的初始NO、CO浓度促进其对NO的还原。本章的主要结论是:通过热解产物... 

【文章来源】：中国科学院大学(中国科学院过程工程研究所)北京市

【文章页数】：134 页

【学位级别】：博士

【文章目录】：
摘要
Abstract
Chapter 1 Introduction
    1.1 Background
    1.2 Objectives and Significance
    1.3 Thesis Outline
Chapter 2 Literature Review
    2.1 Nitric Oxides
x">        2.1.1 Sources of NOx

        2.1.2 NO_x Emission in China
x Emission Strategy">    2.2 Low-NO_x Emission Strategy
x Formation During Fuel Combustion">        2.2.1 NO_x Formation During Fuel Combustion
x Reduction Technologies">        2.2.2 NO_x Reduction Technologies
x Emission">    2.3 Decoupling Combustion （DC） for Lowering NO_x Emission
        2.3.1 Principle of Decoupling and DC Technology
x Emission in Grate-Based DC">        2.3.2 Low-NO_x Emission in Grate-Based DC
x Emission in CFBDC">        2.3.3 Low-NO_x Emission in CFBDC
Chapter 3 Material and Methodology
    3.1 Preparation of NO-Reduction Reagents
        3.1.1 Feedstock Material
        3.1.2 Pyrolysis Setup and Procedure
        3.1.3 Characteristics of NO-Reduction Reagents
    3.2 Experimental Drop-Tube Reactor for NO-Reduction Evaluation
        3.2.1 Main Chamber
        3.2.2 Heating Control System
        3.2.3 Reagent-Feeding System
        3.2.4 Flue-Gas Supplying System
        3.2.5 Sampling and Analyzing System
    3.3 Experimental Procedure
        3.3.1 Procedure and Analysis
        3.3.2 Validation of Experimental Setup Conditions
Chapter 4 NO Reduction by Biomass Pyrolysis Products
    4.1 Introduction
    4.2 Experimental Conditions
    4.3 Results and Discussion
        4.3.1 NO Reduction Varying with Reagent Feeding Rate
        4.3.2 NO Reduction Varying with SR
        4.3.3 NO Reduction Varying with Reaction Temperature
        4.3.4 NO Reduction Varying with Residence Time
        4.3.5 NO Reduction Varying with Flue Gas Composition
    4.4 Conclusions
Chapter 5 Synergetic Effect Among Pyrolysis Products inReducing NO
    5.1 Introduction
    5.2 Experimental Conditions
    5.3 Results and Discussion
        5.3.1 Synergetic Effect of Binary Reagent
        5.3.2 Synergetic NO Reduction Varying with Reaction Temperature
        5.3.3 Synergetic NO Reduction Varying with Residence Time
        5.3.4 Synergetic NO Reduction Varying with Gas Species
    5.4 Conclusion
Chapter 6 NO Reduction by Reagents Derived from Different Fuels
    6.1 Introduction
    6.2 Materials and Experimental Conditions
        6.2.1 Materials
        6.2.2 Experimental Conditions
    6.3 Results and Discussion
        6.3.1 NO Reduction by Char Reagents and Effect of Ash Content
        6.3.2 NO Reduction by Tar Reagents and Model Tar Compounds
    6.4 Conclusions
Chapter 7 Conclusions and Recommendations
    7.1 Conclusions
    7.2 Innovation
    7.3 Recommendations for Future Work
Nomenclatures
References
Appendix A Chemical Compositions of Tested Tar Reagents
    A.1 GC-MS Spectra
    A.2 Identified Compounds of Tar
Appendix B Calibration Curves of Feeders for Different Reagents
Acknowledgement
Résumé


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