电脉冲作用下铝的凝固生长与电化学行为研究
发布时间:2018-01-29 06:06
本文关键词: 电脉冲处理 纯铝 织构 电化学阻抗 动电位极化 出处:《辽宁工业大学》2017年硕士论文 论文类型:学位论文
【摘要】:电脉冲处理技术(EPM)对金属凝固过程的控制作用已逐渐被认知与研究,并在工业生产中得到初步应用,其中对形核后的凝固生长阶段的控制是研究电脉冲处理的重要内容之一。织构是表征晶面取向变化的常用手段,了解电脉冲处理条件下金属凝固生长过程中晶面演变,对了解电脉冲处理对凝固生长过程的影响机制至关重要。本文首先将电脉冲处理技术应用于纯Al熔体,考察不同脉冲电压和不同熔体温度对Al熔体及凝固行为的影响,利用X射线衍射与电化学阻抗以及动电位极化测试,研究脉冲处理对Al中织构演变的作用,并研究占优织构成分下纯铝的电化学性能。EPM处理能够改变Al熔体凝固生长行为,不同脉冲电压的EPM处理后,柱状晶生长的高度与宽度均增加,生长取向发生偏移并且出现等轴晶的高度相对增加;在700~800℃的温度区间内,EPM处理时Al的熔体温度升高可使Al定向凝固铸锭组织中Al柱状晶晶粒的宽度增加,且生长更加连续。EPM处理后Al熔体结构的改变,导致Al(110)面生长受到抑制,生成原子面密度更小的Al(111)与Al(100)晶面。Al熔体受到EPM的作用后,α与τ取向线所构成的空间中,α取向织构强度增加,引起Al在定向凝固过程中形成的Al柱状晶宽度的增加。另外,在经过500 V脉冲电压的EPM处理后Al的凝固组织中发现了生长取向远离τ取向的定向生长织构。100 V与500 V脉冲电压的EPM处理,会使Al熔体凝固形核温度降至最低,且经过100 V脉冲电压的EPM处理后,结晶时间增至最大。当Al熔体温度为700与750℃时,经过EPM处理后,Al熔体的凝固形核温度降到较低的温度;700℃熔体温度的EPM处理,使凝固结晶时间增至最大。不同脉冲电压的EPM处理在凝固过程中能够调整晶面的取向,从而实现了Al铸锭中的织构控制。在熔体温度不断增加的过程中,EPM处理的Al熔体在凝固生长过程中形成晶面演变过程不是连续的,其凝固生长晶面的演变不是通过大量晶面的转向而实现的,是由于初生晶面的改变从而直接导致随后的生长过程存在明显差异。低指数的晶面的{201}100{110}1-18的组合织构成分的R_a明显高于其他组合的织构成分。随着平均晶面原子密度的减小,组合织构的C_a值具有逐渐增大的趋势。阴极极化过程对具有{441}-1-18{552}115组合织构成分的Al电极表面状态影响较大,导致其腐蚀电位正移。不同的Al表面组合织构成分中,平均晶面原子面密度越大,从而导致其i_(corr)的减小,进而使具有此种平均晶面原子面密度较大的组合织构的Al表面的耐蚀性显著提高。
[Abstract]:The control effect of EPMs on the solidification process of metals has been gradually recognized and studied, and has been applied in industrial production. The control of solidification growth stage after nucleation is one of the important contents in the study of electric pulse processing. Texture is a common method to characterize the orientation of crystal plane. It is very important to understand the evolution of crystal plane in the process of metal solidification growth under the condition of electric pulse treatment, which is very important to understand the influence mechanism of electric pulse treatment on solidification growth process. Firstly, the electric pulse treatment technology is applied to pure Al melt. The effects of pulse voltage and melt temperature on the melt and solidification behavior of Al were investigated. The effects of pulse treatment on the texture evolution of Al were studied by means of X-ray diffraction electrochemical impedance and potentiodynamic polarization. The electrochemical properties of pure aluminum under dominant texture. EPM treatment can change the solidification growth behavior of Al melt. The height and width of columnar crystal growth increase after EPM treatment with different pulse voltage. The growth orientation is offset and the height of equiaxed crystal increases relatively. The width of Al columnar grains in Al ingot can be increased by increasing the melt temperature of Al in the temperature range of 700 鈩,
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