整体叶轮的逆向造型及数控仿真加工

发布时间：2018-01-29 17:38

本文关键词： 整体叶轮逆向工程曲面重构有限元五轴加工　出处：《湖北工业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：整体叶轮是压气类发动机的核心部件,它被广泛的应用于航空、航天、地面推进系统冶金以及国防等领域。整体叶轮的设计和加工技术对发动机的性能至关重要。本文在模型设计方面先运用逆向工程技术对整体叶轮的模型反求重构,接着对重构的整体叶轮模型结构进行有限元分析,进一步对模型结构优化再设计,然后在加工方面,通过五轴加工技术对整体叶轮进行自动编程和仿真加工验证,最后在机床上进行试切。在整体叶轮造型建模方面,一开始就设计和建立由复杂曲面组成的叶轮模型较为困难,本文基于逆向工程技术对整体叶轮进行逆向建模,并对其做了一定的研究。先利用非接触式三维扫描仪JUMN-SUN对实物进行点云数据的采集,由物理模型转化构建数字化模型。利用逆向软件Imageware和造型软件UG NX8.5各自软件优势,对叶片和轮毂进行曲面模型重构。首先对物理模型进行点云数据的采集并预处理,通过提取边界轮廓特征点,由点生成特征曲线,由曲线生成曲面,从而完成实体造型,遵循由点到线到面再到体的造型的方法,同时根据整体叶轮的结构特点,实现叶轮模型造型。在整体叶轮结构优化方面,利用有限元分析软件UG NX有限元分析对逆向重构的叶轮模型进行静强度分析。通过对叶轮的结构进行线性静力学分析,得到最大变形出现和应力集中的位置,为整体叶轮的逆向建模结构优化和再设计提供了依据。本文还对整体叶轮五轴仿真加工做了一定内容的研究。整体叶轮的叶片薄、数量多,曲率半径变化大,叶片之间空间狭窄,技术要求较高,加工难度大,通过制定合理的加工工艺,利用五轴数控机床完成加工。本文使用的UG NX8.5软件具有强大的造型功能和五轴自动编程功能,利用UG NX8.5专业五轴叶轮模块进行自动编程生成刀具轨迹,通过UG后置处理器生成与机床匹配的NC程序,最后利用VERICUT的仿真功能,对刀路进行检查和程序的校验,得到满足实际加工要求人的NC程序,从而保证实际加工的可行性和准确性。
[Abstract]:Integral impeller is the core component of pressurized engine. It is widely used in aeronautics and spaceflight. The design and processing technology of the integral impeller is very important to the performance of the engine. In this paper, reverse engineering technology is first used to reconstruct the model of the integral impeller in the aspect of model design. . Then the reconstructed integral impeller model structure is analyzed by finite element method, and then the model structure is optimized and redesigned, and then processed. Through the five-axis machining technology to the whole impeller automatic programming and simulation processing verification, finally in the machine tool trial cutting, in the integral impeller modeling. At the beginning, it is difficult to design and build impeller model which is composed of complex curved surface. In this paper, reverse modeling of integral impeller is carried out based on reverse engineering technology. And do a certain amount of research. First, using the contactless 3D scanner JUMN-SUN to collect point cloud data. The digital model is constructed by the transformation of physical model, and the advantages of reverse software Imageware and modeling software UG NX8.5 are used. The surface model of blade and hub is reconstructed. Firstly, the physical model is collected and preprocessed by point cloud data. By extracting the boundary contour feature points, the characteristic curve is generated from the point and the surface is generated from the curve. In order to complete the solid modeling, follow the point to line to face to body modeling method, at the same time according to the structural characteristics of the whole impeller, the impeller model modeling. In the integral impeller structure optimization. The finite element analysis software UG NX is used to analyze the static strength of the reverse reconstructed impeller model, and the linear statics analysis of the impeller structure is carried out. The position of maximum deformation and stress concentration is obtained. It provides the basis for the optimization and redesign of the reverse modeling structure of the integral impeller. This paper also does some research on the five-axis simulation machining of the integral impeller. The blade of the integral impeller is thin, the number is large, and the curvature radius changes greatly. The space between the blades is narrow, the technical requirement is high, the processing difficulty is high, through the formulation of reasonable processing technology. The UG NX8.5 software used in this paper has powerful modeling function and five-axis automatic programming function. The five-axis impeller module of UG NX8.5 is used to generate tool path automatically, and NC program matching with machine tool is generated by UG post-processor. Finally, the simulation function of VERICUT is used. The NC program is obtained to meet the requirements of actual machining by checking the cutter path and checking the program, thus ensuring the feasibility and accuracy of the actual machining.
【学位授予单位】：湖北工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TK406;TG659

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