非晶中结构遗传性及描述

发布时间：2018-02-04 10:02

本文关键词： 非晶态物质金属玻璃结构遗传性　出处：《物理学报》2017年17期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：非晶态物质广泛存在于人们的日常生活和工业生产活动中,但人们对其原子结构及其结构与性能关系的认识还远不如对晶体材料那样充分.非晶态物质的原子结构不具备空间平移对称性,这使得传统针对晶体材料的实验技术和手段无法直接有效地应用到非晶态物质的结构分析中.用常规的衍射实验数据分析方法并不能直接地观察到非晶态物质的本征结构特征,但这些实验衍射数据往往隐含有极其重要的微观结构信息.本文简要综述了这些衍射数据背后所隐含的与金属玻璃中程序相关的结构信息.研究发现,非晶态物质中的一类隐含序与晶体结构中的球周期序紧密相关,意味着非晶态物质与晶体材料之间在原子结构上存在着非凡的同源性.进一步的研究结果还表明,不同隐含拓扑序之间纠缠的强弱与体系本身的玻璃形成能力存在明显的对应关系,这为衡量金属合金玻璃形成能力强弱的经验规律——混乱原理提供了微观结构上的理解,同时为进一步深入认识和理解非晶态材料衍射数据所隐含的微观结构信息提供了新的分析思路和方法.
[Abstract]:Amorphous substances widely exist in people's daily life and industrial production activities. However, the understanding of its atomic structure and the relationship between its structure and properties is far less adequate than that of crystal materials. The atomic structure of amorphous materials does not have spatial translation symmetry. Therefore, the traditional experimental techniques and methods for crystal materials can not be directly and effectively applied to the structural analysis of amorphous substances, and the conventional diffraction experimental data analysis method can not directly observe the structure of amorphous materials. Intrinsic structural characteristics. However, these experimental diffraction data often contain extremely important microstructure information. This paper briefly reviews the structural information related to the program in metallic glass, which is hidden behind these diffraction data. A class of implicit order in amorphous materials is closely related to the spherical periodic order in crystal structure. This means that there is a remarkable homology in atomic structure between amorphous and crystalline materials. The degree of entanglement between the different implicit topological order and the glass forming ability of the system has obvious corresponding relationship. This provides an understanding of the microstructure of the principle of chaos, which is an empirical rule for measuring the strength of glass-forming capacity of metallic alloys. At the same time, it provides a new analysis method for further understanding and understanding the microstructure information implied by the diffraction data of amorphous materials.
【作者单位】：北京大学物理学院量子材料科学中心;中国人民大学物理系;中国科学院物理研究所;
【基金】：国家重点基础研究发展计划(批准号:2015CB856801) 国家自然科学基金(批准号:11525520,51631003) 中国博士后科学基金(批准号:2017M610687)资助的课题~~
【分类号】：TG139.8
【正文快照】： 晶态物质的物性?这些关键问题的回答,将有助于1引言人们对非晶态物质原子结构本质的理解.事实上,非晶与其对应晶体之间的物性关系早已引起了人非晶态物质本征的原子排列方式一直是凝聚们的注意[15-22].早在20世纪50年代,就有科学实态物理和材料科学中最有趣和最基本的问题之验

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