等基圆锥齿轮齿面刮削理论及其方法研究

发布时间：2018-04-14 02:34

本文选题：等基圆锥齿轮 + 刮削加工　；参考：《河南科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：硬齿面弧齿锥齿轮因其良好的齿面承载能力在大型主机设备中的应用越来越广泛,但其加工机床体积大、价格高、制造技术复杂、加工效率低,且核心加工技术大多被国外制造商所掌握,尽管国内相继出现了有关研究,但大多集中在软齿面。等基圆锥齿轮作为一种新型的曲线齿锥齿轮,加工设备简单,加工费用低廉,在一定范围内可以取代弧齿锥齿轮。等基圆锥齿轮采用成形铣削方式、两轴联动进行加工,具有成本低、机床结构简单且小型化等特点。但是,所采用指形硬质合金铣刀制作难度大,指形砂轮磨损快且强度低,难以实现硬齿面等基圆锥齿轮的精加工,且其加工效率和加工后表面质量较低,极大地限制了等基圆锥齿轮的广泛应用。本文以硬齿面等基圆锥齿轮为研究对象,在已有等基圆锥齿轮理论基础上,结合齿轮啮合分析理论、数控加工技术等领域,系统地研究了齿面刮削理论及其方法,具体内容如下:等基圆锥齿轮刮削加工理论研究。基于齿轮啮合原理和微分几何原理,分析了刮削加工实现的可行性。依据等基圆锥齿轮成形加工理论,建立了刮削加工坐标系,推导了刮削加工包络而成的齿面方程。利用MATLAB软件编写程序,在轮坯坐标系中构造了等基圆锥齿轮的三维曲面。在齿面方程的基础上,对比了刮削齿面与理论齿面,分析了刮削齿面的法向加工精度。以上研究为后续啮合分析和加工仿真奠定了基础。等基圆锥齿轮刮削齿面接触分析。从刮削齿面方程提取出齿面点数据文件,导入UG软件中,构建了大小齿轮模型。根据有限元分析理论,将模型导入ABAQUS中,装配后划分网格,进行静力学分析。根据不同时刻接触所产生的应力应变,得出了大小轮凹凸面的接触轨迹示意图。根据等基圆锥齿轮的方程,以齿轮啮合理论为基础,利用MATLAB建立非线性方程组,求出了齿面啮合点、齿面传动误差,并绘制出其图形以及相啮合面的接触迹线,由TCA结果可知,该刮削齿面啮合传动性能良好。两种接触分析结果,充分验证了等基圆锥齿轮齿面刮削加工的可行性及正确性。等基圆锥齿轮数控刮削仿真研究。根据等基圆锥齿轮数控加工原理,分析了等基圆锥齿轮成形加工的运动特点,规划了刮削加工运动中的瞬时刀具位置姿态。通过后置处理,求解了数控刮削中的运动坐标显函数表达式。并在VERICUT软件中,进行等基圆锥齿轮刮削加工的数控仿真。仿真结果表明:等基圆锥齿轮的刮削加工是正确、可行的。
[Abstract]:Arc bevel gear with hard tooth face is more and more widely used in mainframe equipment because of its good bearing capacity of tooth surface, but its machining machine tool is large in volume, high in price, complex in manufacturing technology and low in efficiency.And the core processing technology is mostly mastered by foreign manufacturers, although there have been related studies in China, but mostly concentrated in the soft tooth surface.As a new type of curved bevel gear, isobaric bevel gear can replace arc bevel gear in a certain range because of its simple processing equipment and low processing cost.The equal base bevel gear is processed by forming milling and two axes linkage, which has the advantages of low cost, simple structure and miniaturization.However, it is difficult to make finger carbide milling cutter, and the wear of finger grinding wheel is fast and the strength is low, so it is difficult to finish machining hard tooth surface equal base bevel gear, and its machining efficiency and surface quality after machining are low.The wide application of isobaric bevel gears is greatly limited.In this paper, based on the theory of equal base bevel gear with hard tooth surface, combined with the theory of gear meshing analysis and NC machining technology, the theory and method of tooth surface scraping are studied systematically.The main contents are as follows: the theoretical study of equal base bevel gear scraping.Based on gear meshing principle and differential geometry principle, the feasibility of scraper machining is analyzed.Based on the theory of equal base bevel gear forming, the scraper coordinate system was established, and the tooth surface equation was derived.The 3D curved surface of equal base bevel gear is constructed in the wheel blank coordinate system by using MATLAB software.Based on the equation of tooth surface, this paper compares the tooth surface of scraper with that of theory, and analyzes the accuracy of normal machining of tooth surface.The above research lays a foundation for the subsequent meshing analysis and machining simulation.Contact analysis of tooth surface of equal base bevel gear.The data file of tooth surface point was extracted from the equation of cutting tooth surface and imported into UG software to construct the size gear model.According to the theory of finite element analysis, the model is introduced into ABAQUS, and then meshed after assembly for statics analysis.According to the stress and strain produced by contact at different times, the contact track diagram of the concave and convex surfaces of large and small wheels is obtained.According to the equation of equal base bevel gear, based on the meshing theory of gear, the nonlinear equations are established by using MATLAB, the tooth surface meshing point and tooth surface transmission error are calculated, and the figure and contact trace line of the phase meshing surface are plotted. The results of TCA show that,The meshing transmission performance of the scraper tooth surface is good.The results of two kinds of contact analysis fully verify the feasibility and correctness of machining the tooth surface of equal base bevel gear.Research on NC scraper simulation of isobaric bevel gear.According to the NC machining principle of equal base bevel gear, the kinematic characteristics of equal base bevel gear forming processing are analyzed, and the instantaneous cutter position attitude in the scraping motion is planned.The explicit function expression of motion coordinate in NC scraping is solved by postprocessing.And in VERICUT software, the NC simulation of equal base bevel gear scraping is carried out.The simulation results show that the machining of equal base bevel gear is correct and feasible.
【学位授予单位】：河南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG619

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