万能铣头球轴承—螺旋锥齿轮系统动力学分析

发布时间：2018-04-19 20:54

本文选题：万能铣头 + 角接触球轴承　；参考：《昆明理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：高端数控机床现已成为航空航天、汽车、装备制造等制造领域发展的核心装备。万能铣头作为数控加工中心的主要工作部件起到了非常关键的作用。通过对万能铣头球轴承-螺旋锥齿轮系统动力学性能分析,以此来改进万能铣头系统性能,进而提高机床系统运行稳定性与可靠性具有重要的意义。本文来源于国家自然科学基金项目“高性能滚动轴承-螺旋锥齿轮系统柔性多体接触动力学研究”(11462008)。基于多体动力学(Multi Body Dynamics,MBD)理论和有限元分析(Finite Element Analysis,FEA)方法,建立了考虑球轴承保持架柔性变形以及主轴柔性变形的万能铣头球轴承-螺旋锥齿轮系统的多体动力学模型,分析了系统的动力学特性。主要研究工作如下:(1)运用经典Hertz接触理论,在ADAMS中建立了考虑保持架柔性化的角接触球轴承刚柔耦合多体动力学模型。分析了不同径向载荷和轴向载荷对角接触球轴承动力学特性的影响。分析发现:轴向载荷的增大对提高轴承运行稳定性具有明显的作用;径向载荷的增加会降低轴承运行的稳定性。(2)建立了成对双联角接触球轴承多刚体动力学模型以及双列角接触球轴承多刚体动力学模型,对比分析了两种不同类型的角接触球轴承在同一边界条件下的动态响应。研究发现:成对双联角接触球轴承与双列角接触球轴承动态响应具有一定的相似性,但是后者运行稳定性更好。(3)基于UG所建立的螺旋锥齿轮装配关系,利用角接触球轴承结合部整体等效为弹簧-阻尼的方法,建立了常见的45°、90°轴交角的角接触球轴承完全整体等效结合部-螺旋锥齿轮传动系统模型,分析了在不同等效刚度值下系统的动态响应,发现随着轴承整体等效刚度的增加,系统的动态性能更加稳定。通过对比基于MBD方法所建立的真实角接触球轴承-螺旋锥齿轮多刚体接触动力学模型,表明球轴承内部多体动态接触特性对螺旋锥齿轮传动系统动态性能有着重要的影响,这是传统的轴承结合部等效弹簧-阻尼建模方法所不能探究的。(4)建立了计及柔性保持架以及柔性主轴的万能铣头球轴承-螺旋锥齿轮系统刚柔耦合多体动力学模型,分析了低速重载和高速轻载下的万能铣头球轴承-螺旋锥齿轮系统的动力学特性。通过对齿轮振动加速度、齿轮接触力、球轴承内部接触力和保持架运行稳定性等计算结果分析表明:螺旋齿轮振动加速度频谱成分均表现为啮合频域及其倍频,低速重载时螺旋锥齿轮啮合特性较高速轻载时要稳定;轴承的动力学特性在高速轻载时较低速重载时不稳定。
[Abstract]:High-end CNC machine tools have become the core equipment of aerospace, automobile, equipment manufacturing and other manufacturing fields. Universal milling head, as the main working part of NC machining center, plays a very important role. It is of great significance to improve the performance of universal milling head system by analyzing the dynamic performance of universal milling head ball bearing and spiral bevel gear system, and then to improve the running stability and reliability of machine tool system. This paper comes from the project of National Natural Science Foundation of China "Research on flexible Multi-body contact Dynamics of High-Performance Rolling bearing-Spiral Bevel Gear system" (11462008). Based on the theory of multi-body dynamics and finite Element analysis, a multi-body dynamic model of universal milling head ball bearing-spiral bevel gear system considering flexible deformation of ball bearing cage and flexible deformation of spindle is established. The dynamic characteristics of the system are analyzed. The main research work is as follows: (1) based on the classical Hertz contact theory, a rigid-flexible coupling multi-body dynamic model of angular contact ball bearing with flexible cage is established in ADAMS. The effects of different radial and axial loads on the dynamic characteristics of angular contact ball bearings are analyzed. It is found that the increase of axial load has obvious effect on improving the stability of bearing. The stability of bearing is reduced by increasing radial load.) the multi-rigid body dynamic model and the multi-rigid body dynamic model of double-angle-contact ball bearing are established. The dynamic responses of two kinds of angular contact ball bearings under the same boundary condition are analyzed. It is found that the dynamic response of twin contact ball bearings is similar to that of double-row angular contact ball bearings, but the latter has better running stability, and the assembly relationship of spiral bevel gears based on UG is better. By using the method that the joint part of angular contact ball bearing is equivalent to spring damping, a common transmission system model of 45 掳90 掳angle angular contact ball bearing with complete integral equivalent joint part and spiral bevel gear is established. The dynamic response of the system under different equivalent stiffness values is analyzed. It is found that the dynamic performance of the system is more stable with the increase of the overall equivalent stiffness of the bearing. By comparing the real angular contact ball bearing with spiral bevel gear multi-rigid body contact dynamic model based on MBD method, it is shown that the dynamic contact characteristics of the ball bearing have an important influence on the dynamic performance of the spiral bevel gear transmission system. This is the traditional equivalent spring-damping modeling method of bearing joint which can not be explored.) the multi-body dynamic model of rigid and flexible coupling of universal milling head ball bearing-spiral bevel gear system with flexible cage and flexible spindle is established. The dynamic characteristics of universal milling head ball bearing-spiral bevel gear system under low speed heavy load and high speed light load are analyzed. Through the analysis of the calculation results of gear vibration acceleration, gear contact force, internal contact force of ball bearing and operation stability of cage, it is shown that the frequency spectrum of vibration acceleration of spiral gear is meshing frequency domain and its frequency doubling. The meshing characteristics of spiral bevel gear at low speed and heavy load are more stable than those at high speed and light load, and the dynamic characteristics of bearing are unstable at high speed and light load compared with low speed and heavy load.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG659

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