激光诱导空化5A03铝合金拉伸及抗应力腐蚀性能研究
发布时间:2018-04-21 00:39
本文选题:激光 + 空化 ; 参考:《江苏大学》2017年硕士论文
【摘要】:激光诱导空化冲击是一种表面改性的新技术,在金属材料的表面性能改善方面得到了应用。本文以船用5A03-H112铝合金为研究对象,开展了激光诱导空化改善其拉伸及抗应力腐蚀性能相关机理与实验研究,研究工作及其成果如下:(1)在概述了表面形变强化、铝合金抗应力腐蚀性能改善以及激光诱导空化等领域研究现状的基础上,深入分析激光诱导空化冲击机理和铝合金应力腐蚀有关理论,从残余应力、位错密度、晶粒细化、析出相等角度讨论激光冲击诱导空化冲击及高温保持对铝合金拉伸及抗应力腐蚀性能的作用和影响。(2)通过对船用5A03-H112铝合金进行激光诱导空化处理及后续在200℃和300℃下进行不同时长的保温处理的试验与分析,表明:经激光诱导空化冲击后,船用5A03-H112铝合金表面显微硬度和纳米硬度均显著提高,表层晶粒细化、析出相增加,位错密度增加,并产生残余压应力。经200℃高温保持后,残余应力有小幅度松弛硬度也有轻微降低,位错密度下降但铝合金表面晶粒更为均匀、清晰,析出相分布也更为致密、弥散。而在300℃下保温后,由于材料出现再结晶,晶粒出现长大现象,位错密度降低,残余应力大幅度松弛且硬度显著下降。(3)通过常温拉伸及应力腐蚀环境下的慢拉伸试验探讨了激光诱导空化冲击以及后续高温保持工艺对船用5A03-H112铝合金强度、塑性以及抗应力腐蚀性能的影响,特别是应力腐蚀环境下的断裂强度和应力腐蚀敏感性系数等性能指标的改善情况。研究发现:船用5A03-H112铝合金经激光诱导空化冲击处理后,强度和塑性均有所提高,应力腐蚀环境下断裂强度也得到大幅度提升、应力腐蚀敏感性系数明显下降。200℃下进行高温保持可增强形变强化处理的效果,而在300℃下进行保温处理后,由于材料出现再结晶,材料软化,强度大幅度降低,抗应力腐蚀能力减弱,强化效果基本消失。此外,本文对形变强化结合热处理工艺改善铝合金抗应力腐蚀性能机理做了系统的分析和探讨,进一步丰富了激光诱导冲击技术,其成果为船用5A03铝合金具体工程应用提供了理论与实验依据。
[Abstract]:Laser induced cavitation impact is a new technology of surface modification, which has been applied to improve the surface properties of metal materials. In this paper, the mechanism and experimental study of laser induced cavitation to improve the tensile and stress corrosion resistance of marine 5A03-H112 aluminum alloy are carried out. The research work and its results are as follows: 1) Surface deformation strengthening is summarized. On the basis of the improvement of stress corrosion resistance and laser induced cavitation of aluminum alloy, the mechanism of laser induced cavitation impact and the theory of aluminum alloy stress corrosion are analyzed. The residual stress, dislocation density and grain size are refined. The effect of laser shock induced cavitation impact and high temperature retention on tensile and stress corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy was discussed from an equal angle. The experiment and analysis of heat preservation treatment with different duration at 300 鈩,
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