压料油缸闭塞热精锻数值模拟及实验研究

发布时间：2018-05-02 08:01

本文选题：压料油缸 + 闭塞锻造　；参考：《安徽工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：剪板机压料油缸是剪板机剪切板材时压紧板料的工作油缸,每台设备根据剪切板材宽度布置数十个不等,用量很大。由于剪板机的使用频率高,压料油缸质量的稳定性对保证板材剪切质量具有十分重要作用。而压料油缸缸体作为油缸的主要零件结构件,其质量的好坏直接决定了油缸的使用性能。然而,传统的组合焊接和铸造成形工艺,不仅难以保证缸体锻件力学性能,且加工道次繁多,材料利用率低,生产费用高。随着闭塞锻造精密成形技术的快速发展,它为生产回转体或轴对称零件提供了新的成形思路。此方法生产压料油缸不但金属流线分布合理,锻件力学性能高,而且生产周期短、效率高,同时锻件无飞边,材料利用率提高35~45%。本文以某型号的压料油缸缸体为研究对象,采用数值模拟与物理实验相结合的研究方法,对其闭塞热精锻成形工艺可行性和模具受力进行研究。本文通过对压料油缸缸体零件结构进行分析,设计了一次性锻造成形与预锻+终端成形两种方案。通过DEFORM-3D模拟软件,对两种成形方案进行模拟分析,最后择优选取预锻+终端成形方案。基于选择的成形方案,采用单因素轮换法,研究了不同的挤压速度、模具预热温度、冲头圆角大小、摩擦系数等参数对锻件质量与成形力载荷的影响,最后择优选取最佳的成形工艺参数。结果表明,采用最佳成形工艺参数,锻件成形质量良好,同时成形力载荷明显降低。通过对整体凹模和组合凹模进行受力分析。结果表明,采用组合凹模结构可以明显降低模具最大等效应力,提高模具使用寿命。接着根据不同的直径比n,分析组合凹模受力情况与最大位移量,确定各层最佳直径,对组合凹模结构进行参数优化。最后,通过物理实验,在J58K-630电动螺旋压力机上进行压料油缸缸体闭塞热精锻试制。实验结果表明,缸体锻件成形质量良好,所需成形力小,并无出现明显缺陷,验证了数值模拟的准确性与成形工艺的可行性,为实际生产提供强有力的依据。
[Abstract]:The press cylinder of plate shearing machine is the working cylinder which compacts the sheet when shearing machine. Each equipment is arranged dozens of different according to the width of shearing plate, and the consumption is very large. Because of the high frequency of plate shearing machine, the stability of press cylinder quality plays an important role in ensuring the plate shear quality. As the main part of the cylinder, the quality of the cylinder directly determines the performance of the cylinder. However, the traditional combined welding and casting process is not only difficult to ensure the mechanical properties of the cylinder forging, but also has a large number of machining passes, low material utilization and high production cost. With the rapid development of closed forging precision forming technology, it provides a new way of forming for the production of rotary body or axisymmetric parts. Not only the distribution of metal streamline is reasonable, the mechanical properties of forgings are high, but also the production period is short, the efficiency is high, the forgings have no flash edge, and the material utilization ratio is increased by 35% and 45%. In this paper, taking a certain type of compacted cylinder block as the research object, the feasibility of the block hot forging process and the force acting on the die are studied by combining the numerical simulation with the physical experiment. Based on the analysis of the structure of cylinder block, two schemes of one-off forging forming and pre-forging terminal forming are designed in this paper. Through DEFORM-3D simulation software, two kinds of forming schemes are simulated and analyzed. Finally, preforging terminal forming scheme is selected. Based on the selected forming scheme, single factor rotation method is used to study the influence of different extrusion speed, die preheating temperature, punch angle size, friction coefficient on forging quality and forming force load. Finally, the best forming process parameters are selected. The results show that the forming quality of forgings is good and the forming force load is obviously reduced with the optimum forming process parameters. The stress of the whole die and the combined die is analyzed. The results show that the combined die structure can obviously reduce the maximum equivalent stress and prolong the service life of the die. Then, according to the different diameters ratio, the stress and the maximum displacement of the combined die are analyzed, the optimum diameters of each layer are determined, and the structure parameters of the combined die are optimized. Finally, through physical experiments, the hot forging of cylinder block block on J58K-630 electric screw press is tested. The experimental results show that the forming quality of cylinder forging is good, the forming force is small, and there is no obvious defect, which verifies the accuracy of numerical simulation and the feasibility of forming process, and provides a strong basis for practical production.
【学位授予单位】：安徽工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG316;TH137.51

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