某数控车床斜床身动态特性分析及结构参数优化

发布时间：2018-05-27 11:34

本文选题：斜床身 + 静力分析　；参考：《兰州理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：金属切削机床被人们认为是机械制造的工作母机,它是机械制造业中最基本的设备,是国民经济发展中的基础行业。在机床的各部件中,其中机床的主轴箱、床鞍、尾座都是安装在机床的床身上。机床床身的特性取决与机床结构的布局、结构参数、床身中筋板的形式、斜床身倾斜的角度等,在进行机床的切削加工过程中,床身在载荷的作用下会发生位移变形和振动,这些变化主要是由于床身设计时结构不合理、以及刚度不足所引起的。本课题对某数控车床斜床身进行动态特性分析及结构参数优化,研究的主要内容为:(1)建立斜床身结构的有限元模型对床身进行有限元分析的第一步就是建立床身的有限元模型。将三维建模软件Solidworks中建立的床身结构模型,利用ANSYS中的接口功能,将其导入到ANSYS中,从而建立起床身的有限元模型。(2)斜床身受力分析及有限元分析对斜床身进行受力分析是施加载荷、约束以及进行有限元分析计算的前提,确定与车床床身相接触的各个构件对床身的受力大小,建立床身受力模型,利用ANSYS软件对斜床身施加载荷、约束并进行求解,得出床身的最大变形量和最大变形位置。对车床斜床身进行模态分析,得出床身的固有频率及相应的振型。(3)斜床身结构改进优化通过改变斜床身倾斜的角度对床身结构的固有频率进行灵敏度分析,找出对床身固有频率影响较大的部件,对床身进行结构改进优化。
[Abstract]:Metal cutting machine is considered to be the working machine of machinery manufacturing. It is the most basic equipment in the machinery manufacturing industry and the basic industry in the development of national economy. Among the components of machine tool, the spindle box, bed saddle and rear seat are installed on the bed of machine tool. The characteristics of the machine bed depend on the layout of the machine structure, structural parameters, the form of the stiffened plate in the bed, the inclined angle of the inclined bed, and so on. During the cutting process of the machine tool, the displacement, deformation and vibration of the bed will occur under the action of the load. These changes are mainly caused by unreasonable structure and insufficient stiffness in the design of the bed. In this paper, the dynamic characteristic analysis and structural parameter optimization of the oblique bed of a numerical control lathe are carried out. The main content of the research is: 1) the first step of establishing the finite element model of the oblique bed structure is to establish the finite element model of the bed. The bed structure model established in the 3D modeling software Solidworks is imported into ANSYS by using the interface function of ANSYS. Thus, the finite element model of the bed is established. (2) the stress analysis and the finite element analysis of the oblique bed are the prerequisite for the application of the load, the constraint and the finite element analysis. The forces on the bed of each component in contact with the lathe bed are determined, and the model of the stress on the bed is established. The maximum deformation and the maximum deformation position of the bed are obtained by applying the load, constraint and solution to the oblique bed by using ANSYS software. Through modal analysis of lathe inclined bed, it is concluded that the natural frequency and corresponding mode of bed are improved and optimized. By changing the angle of inclined bed, the sensitivity of natural frequency of bed structure is analyzed. Find out the parts which have great influence on the natural frequency of the bed, and optimize the structure of the bed.
【学位授予单位】：兰州理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG659

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