五轴数控机床几何误差建模与误差溯源

发布时间：2018-05-29 17:22

本文选题：五轴数控机床 + 多体系统理论　；参考：《兰州理工大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：五轴数控机床作为高精度加工和复杂面加工的核心,随着科技发展,五轴机床使用越来越广泛和普遍,不断提升的加工精度要求,使得如何更有效提升加工精度,减少误差影响一直为近年来不断研究。本文主要以工作台双回转型五轴数控机床为研究对象,对机床的几何误差建模以及误差精度溯源与精度初步分配进行了以下研究:1.分析影响数控机床加工精度的各项误差源,主要研究包含了平动轴和转动轴误差的几何误差。2.以多体理论为建模基础,在其通用性和归纳性的优势下,建立五轴数控机床的空间几何误差模型,推理得到刀具在空间坐标系下的成形点位置误差表达式,以及刀具的姿态误差表达式。3.从实际操作角度出发分析传统测量方法的可行性,如9线法和12线法等。使用激光干涉仪和水平仪等仪器测得各测量点误差数值,结合之前推导得到的五轴机床几何误差模型,计算得出测量点的各项误差参数。4.基于加工检测试件NSA979,使用激光干涉仪和球杆仪等设备测量出轮廓参数,对比理想切削轨迹,得到受几何误差影响的加工误差。5.基于直接矩阵微分法建立工作台双回转型五轴机床的灵敏度分析模型,求解各个几何误差项对五轴数控机床精度的灵敏度系数,利用灵敏度分析得到五轴数控机床的几何误差溯源方案。6.总结论文的研究成果,并对下一步工作和研究方向进行了展望。
[Abstract]:Five axis CNC machine tool is the core of high precision machining and complex surface processing. With the development of science and technology, the use of five axis machine tools is becoming more and more extensive and universal, and the requirement of improving the machining precision continuously makes it more effective to improve the machining precision and reduce the influence of error in recent years. This paper mainly takes the five axis number of the worktable double back transformation. Control machine tool is the research object. The following research is made on the geometric error modeling of the machine tool, the error accuracy tracing and the initial distribution of accuracy. 1. the error sources which affect the machining precision of the NC machine tool are analyzed. The main research is that the geometric error of the error of the translation axis and the axis of the rotation axis is.2. based on the multi-body theory, in its generality and return. The spatial geometric error model of five axis CNC machine tool is established under the advantage of nanometers. The error expression of the forming point of the tool in the space coordinate system is deduced, and the expression.3. of the tool's attitude error is used to analyze the feasibility of the traditional measurement methods, such as the 9 wire method and the 12 line method, such as the laser interferometer and the water. According to the geometric error model of five axis machine tool derived before, the error parameters of the five axis machine tool have been calculated, and the error parameters of the measuring point are calculated based on the NSA979 of the machining test specimen, and the contour parameters are measured by the laser interferometer and the ball bar instrument. The geometric error is influenced by the geometric error than the ideal cutting trajectory. The processing error.5. is based on the direct matrix differential method to establish the sensitivity analysis model of the five axis machine tool with double back transformation of the worktable, solving the sensitivity coefficient of each geometric error item to the precision of the five axis CNC machine tools, and using the sensitivity analysis to get the geometric error tracing scheme of the five axis CNC machine tool.6., and to summarize the research results of the paper, and the next step. The direction of work and research is prospected.
【学位授予单位】：兰州理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TG659

【参考文献】