易清洁不锈钢的制备工艺和性能研究

发布时间：2018-06-13 00:21

  本文选题：刻蚀 + 陶瓷涂层　； 参考：《东南大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：清洁良好的厨房环境,是衡量家庭生活质量的重要标志之一。在食物的烹调过程中,食用油、调料和汤汁难免对厨具面板的表面造成一定的污染。若不及时清理,不仅有碍厨具的整洁美观,也会对健康造成不良的影响。因此采用易清洁的厨具材料,对于改善老百姓的日常生活质量具有很现实的意义。与传统的非金属厨具面板材料(如大理石、钢化玻璃)相比,不锈钢不仅耐腐蚀,而且强韧性好,它在厨房领域的应用已经逐渐从餐具拓展到厨具。本论文针对厨具面板对易清洁性能的要求,以304不锈钢为基材,采用了三种不同的技术在不锈钢表面制备疏水易清洁表面,并研究了各种工艺因素对表面的润湿性能、力学性能、涂层的抗热震性、耐磨性,以及耐高温和耐腐蚀性能的影响。论文首先分别采用化学刻蚀和电化学刻蚀工艺,获得了疏水的不锈钢表面。进一步研究又发现,如果将两者相结合,即采用先化学刻蚀,后电化学刻蚀的两步法工艺,所获得的易清洁表面综合性能更好(达到疏油的状态)。优化后的两步法工艺参数为:化学刻蚀刻蚀液浓度33.3%,刻蚀时间60min,电化学刻蚀刻蚀液浓度40%,刻蚀时间15min,电流密度35mA/cm2。刻蚀后必须进行氟化处理。然后论文又采用料浆法和等离子喷涂法分别制备了 Si系陶瓷涂层和A1系陶瓷涂层。经氟化处理后,这两种表面均具有良好的疏水和疏油性能。用这两种工艺制备涂层前,基体表面都需喷砂。Si系陶瓷涂层的料浆配比为1:10,在900℃下真空烧结30min。等离子喷涂法制备A1系陶瓷涂层时,需先预热基体,然后在700A和60V的电流电压下依次喷涂NiAl中间层和A1203工作层。这两种陶瓷涂层也都需要进行氟化处理,才能保证表面的疏水和疏油性能。刻蚀法制得试样表面与水和油的接触角分别是124.8°和95.7°;料浆法制得的Si系陶瓷涂层表面与水和油的接触角分别是105.0°和91.2°;等离子喷涂法制得A1系陶瓷涂层表面与水和油的接触角分别是142.1°和90.2°。三种表面的疏水疏油性能均具备一定的耐久性。用料浆法和等离子喷涂工艺制备的陶瓷涂层都具有良好的抗热震性能和很高的硬度。两种涂层的硬度值分别为462.03HV(料浆法)和941.73HV(等离子喷涂),远高于原始不锈钢片试样的硬度(285.44HV)。耐高温性和耐盐雾腐蚀性的测试结果表明,刻蚀法制备的试样耐高温和耐盐雾腐蚀性能较原始不锈钢片差,而两种不锈钢基陶瓷涂层的耐高温和耐盐雾腐蚀性能较原始不锈钢试样好。对疏水表面的微观分析研究表明,表面疏水性能的形成主要是由粗糙的微纳复合结构和低表面能共同决定的。氟化处理降低了表面能,因此对于提高表面疏水性能具有重要的作用。刻蚀法和等离子喷涂制得的试样表面具有较为合适的粗糙度,经氟化处理后疏水疏油性能良好;料浆法制得的试样表面光滑致密,可以有效阻碍污染物的附着,使涂层具备一定的抗污能力。
[Abstract]:Clean kitchen environment, is one of the important indicators to measure the quality of family life. In the course of food cooking, cooking oil, seasoning and soup inevitably pollute the surface of kitchen utensils. If not cleaned in time, not only hinder the clean and beautiful kitchen utensils, but also have adverse effects on health. Therefore, the use of easy-to-clean kitchen materials to improve the quality of daily life of ordinary people has a very practical significance. Compared with traditional non-metallic kitchen panel materials (such as marble, tempered glass), stainless steel not only has corrosion resistance, but also has good strength and toughness. Its application in kitchen field has gradually expanded from tableware to kitchen utensils. Aiming at the requirement of easy cleaning property of kitchen utensil panel, three different technologies were used to prepare hydrophobic and easy clean surface on stainless steel surface with 304 stainless steel as substrate, and the wettability of various process factors on the surface was studied. Mechanical properties, thermal shock resistance, wear resistance, and high temperature and corrosion resistance of the coating. Firstly, hydrophobic stainless steel surface was obtained by chemical etching and electrochemical etching. It is also found that if the two processes are combined, that is, the two-step process of chemical etching and later electrochemical etching, the comprehensive properties of the easily cleaned surface are better (oil thinning state is achieved). The optimized two-step process parameters are as follows: chemical etching solution concentration 33.3, etching time 60 minutes, electrochemical etching solution concentration 40, etching time 15 min, current density 35 Ma / cm 2. Fluorination must be performed after etching. Then, Si and A1 ceramic coatings were prepared by slurry method and plasma spraying method, respectively. After fluorination, these two surfaces have good hydrophobic and oil-repellent properties. Before the coatings were prepared by these two processes, the slurry ratio of the sand-blasting. Si ceramic coatings was 1: 10, and sintered in vacuum at 900 鈩，

本文编号：2011732