难加工材质圆柱件的外圆超声珩磨装置设计及试验研究

发布时间：2018-07-04 10:34

本文选题：普通珩磨 + 超声外圆珩磨　；参考：《中北大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：钛合金和不锈钢等难加工材料因为其超高强度、高硬度、耐疲劳等优越的材料性能,被越来越多的应用于机械行业中。但是以上材料通过普通加工手段进行加工后,难以得到良好的表面质量,珩磨加工作为精密特种加工的一种,对难加工材料有良好的加工效果。超声珩磨技术在保持了珩磨加工优点的同时,克服了普通珩磨中油石易堵塞的问题,进一步提高了加工精度和加工效率。常规超声振动珩磨技术的加工对象主要为内圆表面,但在实际加工中,轴类零件的外圆表面也常常需要较高的表面质量。针对这样的研究现状,本文对超声振动外圆珩磨加工的加工机理进行了研究,同时结合实际加工设计出一套试验装置,以TC4钛合金和SUS304不锈钢为试验对象进行了试验研究。本文的主要研究内容以及取得的成果如下:1.首先对磨削中单磨粒的受力进行了分解,并对磨削力进行了建模,对其数学表达式进行了求解;其次分析了功率超声外圆珩磨的运动形式及其加工机理,分析并建立了径向振动中超声外圆珩磨磨粒材料去除的模型。2.对关键部件进行设计。根据频率方程并结合边界条件设计压电换能器;运用波动方程和质点振动位移函数确定超声变幅杆的尺寸参数;依照一体化设计思想确定珩磨头部分尺寸,修正变幅杆尺寸。对以上各部件的设计进行用ANSYS仿真,确认其合理性;根据试验用车床的结构参数,确定试验装置的装载方案。3.利用设计的试验装置进行正交试验,分析油石粒度、工件回转速度和珩磨深度等试验参数对普通珩磨后加工表面质量的影响,在引入超声振动后,进行对比试验。记录两组试验的试验数据,研究超声振动对珩工件表面质量的影响,分析超声振幅的影响。
[Abstract]:Titanium alloy and stainless steel are more and more widely used in mechanical industry because of their super strength, high hardness, fatigue resistance and so on. However, it is difficult to obtain good surface quality after the above materials are processed by common processing means. Honing, as a kind of precision special machining, has a good processing effect on difficult processing materials. Ultrasonic honing technology not only keeps the advantages of honing, but also overcomes the problem of easy clogging of oil stone in common honing, and further improves the machining accuracy and efficiency. The machining object of conventional ultrasonic vibration honing technique is mainly inner circle surface, but in practice, the outer circle surface of shaft parts often needs higher surface quality. In view of this research situation, this paper studies the machining mechanism of ultrasonic vibration external circle honing, and designs a set of experimental device combined with the actual processing, taking TC4 titanium alloy and SUS304 stainless steel as experimental objects. The main contents and achievements of this paper are as follows: 1. Firstly, the force of single abrasive particle in grinding is decomposed, and the grinding force is modeled and its mathematical expression is solved. Secondly, the motion form and machining mechanism of power ultrasonic external circle honing are analyzed. The removal model of ultrasonic cylindrical honing abrasive material in radial vibration is analyzed and established. Design key components. The piezoelectric transducer is designed according to the frequency equation and boundary condition; the dimension parameters of ultrasonic horn are determined by wave equation and displacement function of particle vibration; and the dimension of honing head is determined according to the integrative design idea. The design of the above components is simulated by ANSYS to confirm its rationality, and the loading scheme of the test device is determined according to the structural parameters of the test lathe. The orthogonal test was carried out with the designed test equipment to analyze the influence of the testing parameters such as the particle size of the stone, the rotation speed of the workpiece and the honing depth on the surface quality of the common honing. After ultrasonic vibration was introduced, the comparative tests were carried out. The influence of ultrasonic vibration on the surface quality of honing workpiece was studied by recording the experimental data of two groups of experiments and analyzing the influence of ultrasonic amplitude.
【学位授予单位】：中北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG589;TG663

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