精密静压转台关键部件设计及试验研究

发布时间：2018-07-10 07:58

本文选题：精密转台 + 关键部件　；参考：《西安理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着制造业朝着高效高能方向发展,对精密数控机床的要求也越来越高。目前国内外多项精密制造技术的进展都需要有高端机床在制造方面的强有力的支持,例如对面型精度要求很高的光学镜片。数控转台作为数控机床的重要组成部分,同时起着带动工件旋转和支撑工件的作用。目前数控转台的设计、制造及测试技术亟待提升,为此,本文进行精密转台关键部件设计与试验研究,主要工作和成果如下:(1)完成了转台结构的总体方案设计。设计的转台台面直径为1000mm,最大工作转速为50r/min。对3种转台支承方案进行了对比分析,确定电机后置式方案为本文最终的支承方案。对转台的主要关键部件进行了设计及选型,包括转轴的参数校核,轴系总体结构设计,电机和编码器的选型。(2)设计了转台径向和推力静压轴承的结构,计算了轴承的静动态性能,并对关键参数进行了优化。径向静压轴承为带回油槽的四腔结构,推力轴承为双面八油垫结构,均采用小孔节流器。计算的性能参数包括流量、摩擦功耗、温升和油膜刚度等;分析了关键设计参数对轴承性能的影响关系,并根据油膜刚度的设计要求确定了轴承的半径间隙和节流孔的直径。(3)通过试验完成了轴承和转子配副材料的选配。针对精密机床静压转台轴承-转子摩擦副的使用工况,获得了 4组轴承-转子摩擦副的材料选型方案,进行了摩擦磨损试验及润滑汕粘-温特性试验,通过试验结果的对比分析和评价,分别获得了一组合适的轴承-转子摩擦副材料方案。(4)进行了静压转台精度测试。在所设计的试验台上进行精度测试,包括转台的径向回转精度和轴向回转精度,测得径向精度约为0.12μm,轴向精度约为0.0μm。本文在梊压轴承的设计分析及试验方面的研究可为精密机床转台的应用提供一定的参考价值。
[Abstract]:With the development of manufacturing industry in the direction of high efficiency and high energy, the requirement of precision NC machine tools is becoming higher and higher. At present, the development of many precision manufacturing technologies at home and abroad requires strong support from high-end machine tools, such as optical lenses that require high surface precision. As an important part of NC machine tool, CNC turntable plays the role of driving workpiece rotation and supporting workpiece. At present, the design, manufacture and testing technology of the CNC turntable need to be improved urgently. Therefore, the key components of the precision turntable are designed and tested. The main work and results are as follows: (1) the overall scheme design of the turntable structure is completed. The designed turntable has a diameter of 1000 mm and a maximum rotation speed of 50 r / min. Three kinds of turntable supporting schemes are compared and analyzed, and the final supporting scheme of this paper is determined. The main key components of the turntable are designed and selected, including the parameter checking of the rotary shaft, the design of the overall structure of the shaft system, the selection of the motor and the encoder. (2) the structure of the radial and thrust hydrostatic bearing of the turntable is designed. The static and dynamic performance of the bearing is calculated and the key parameters are optimized. The radial hydrostatic bearing is a four-cavity structure which is brought back to the oil tank, and the thrust bearing is a double-sided eight oil cushion structure, and the orifice throttle is used. The calculated performance parameters include flow rate, friction power consumption, temperature rise and oil film stiffness. According to the design requirements of oil film stiffness, the radius clearance of bearing and the diameter of throttle hole are determined. (3) the selection of bearing and rotor pair materials is completed by experiment. According to the working condition of bearing rotor friction pair of precision machine tool, four material selection schemes of bearing rotor friction pair are obtained, friction and wear test and lubricating Shantou temperature characteristic test are carried out. Through the comparison and evaluation of the test results, a group of suitable material schemes for the bearing-rotor friction pair are obtained. (4) the accuracy test of the hydrostatic rotary table is carried out. The precision test is carried out on the designed test bench, including the radial and axial rotary accuracy of the turntable. The radial accuracy is about 0.12 渭 m, and the axial precision is about 0.0 渭 m. In this paper, the design, analysis and test of the bearing can provide some reference value for the application of precision machine tool turntable.
【学位授予单位】：西安理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG502.1

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