NOMEX蜂窝材料超声切割直刃刀具设计与性能研究
发布时间：2018-07-29 17:09
【摘要】：NOMEX蜂窝芯材料是人类仿照自然界中蜜蜂筑造的六边形蜂巢结构原理制成的,因密度小质轻、高的比强度与比刚度、抗冲击能力强、良好的自熄性等特点而被广泛的应用于航空航天高速列车等诸多领域。然而蜂窝芯材料的这种特殊结构和力学性能使其在传统加工过程中表现出加工性能差、效率低以及刀具寿命低,从而引起质量问题,甚至导致零件报废,因此研究高效且高质量的切削加工技术对其在诸多领域的应用具有非常重要的意义。超声辅助加工技术作为一种新型加工技术,克服了传统加工技术所引起的诸多缺点,其优势表现为可有效降低切削力、延长刀具使用寿命并提高工件表面加工质量,被广泛的应用于蜂窝材料的加工。本文围绕超声辅助切割加工系统关键技术开展相关研究,对比研究不同形状超声切割直刃刀具性能,确定合适的直刃刀具结构,搭建了超声切割蜂窝材料实验平台,并对超声切割直刃尖刀性能进行了试验验证,初步分析了超声切割尖刀的加工性能与加工效果。本论文的主要研究内容和研究成果如下：(1)针对蜂窝芯材料的特性及其加工要求,结合超声振动系统对刀具的材料、强度等方面的要求,研制蜂窝芯超声切削专用刀具,通过理论与仿真分析,结合实验对比两种结构形式的刀具性能,分析了刀具横向振幅的变化规律,确定了合适的刀具结构。(2)为研究刀具与超声振动系统的匹配性能,进一步进行超声切割工艺研究,需要相应的超声切割实验平台来满足相应需求。在前人研究基础上,搭建了性能稳定,并能够满足实验基本要求的超声切割实验平台,通过实验调试检验了平台与超声系统匹配后的整体性能。(3)在对模拟刀具分析研究的基础上完善刀具结构参数,改变刀具材料,通过仿真与实验,对比不同参数的刀具匹配超声系统后整体谐振频率与振幅的变化情况,同时研究刀具横向振幅的变化规律。运用自主开发的超声振动切割系统在超声切割加工实验平台上开展蜂窝芯材料超声切割加工试验,验证不同参数刀具的实际切割性能,在工艺参数相同的情况下,分析不同参数刀具匹配超声系统后的有效切割长度,研究刀具不同切割长度对工件加工精度、表面质量的影响规律。
[Abstract]:The NOMEX honeycomb core material is made by human beings following the principle of hexagonal honeycomb nest built by bees in nature. Because of its small density and light weight, high specific strength and specific stiffness, and strong impact resistance, the honeycomb core material is made by human beings. It is widely used in many fields such as aerospace high-speed train and so on because of its good self-extinguishment. However, the special structure and mechanical properties of honeycomb core materials make them exhibit poor machining performance, low efficiency and low tool life in the traditional machining process, which cause quality problems and even lead to parts scrapping. Therefore, it is very important to study high-efficiency and high-quality machining technology for its application in many fields. As a new type of machining technology, ultrasonic assisted machining technology overcomes many disadvantages caused by traditional machining technology. Its advantages are that it can effectively reduce cutting force, prolong tool service life and improve workpiece surface machining quality. It is widely used in the processing of honeycomb materials. This paper focuses on the key technologies of ultrasonic assisted cutting and machining system, compares and studies the performance of ultrasonic cutting tools with different shapes, determines the proper structure of straight cutting tools, and builds an experimental platform for ultrasonic cutting of honeycomb materials. The performance of ultrasonic cutting pointed knife with straight edge is verified and the machining performance and effect of ultrasonic cutting sharp knife are preliminarily analyzed. The main contents and results of this thesis are as follows: (1) according to the characteristics of honeycomb core material and its machining requirements, combined with the requirements of ultrasonic vibration system on the material and strength of the cutting tool, the special tool for ultrasonic cutting of honeycomb core is developed. Through theoretical and simulation analysis, combined with experiments to compare the cutting tool performance of two kinds of structure, the variation law of tool lateral amplitude is analyzed, and the suitable tool structure is determined. (2) in order to study the matching performance between tool and ultrasonic vibration system, Further research on ultrasonic cutting technology needs a corresponding experimental platform to meet the corresponding needs. On the basis of previous studies, an experimental platform for ultrasonic cutting is built, which has stable performance and can meet the basic requirements of the experiment. The whole performance of the platform matched with the ultrasonic system is tested by the experiment debugging. (3) on the basis of analyzing and researching the simulated tool, the tool structure parameters are improved, the tool material is changed, and the simulation and experiment are carried out. The variation of the overall resonant frequency and amplitude of the tool matching ultrasonic system with different parameters is compared, and the variation law of the transverse amplitude of the tool is studied at the same time. The ultrasonic cutting experiment of honeycomb core material was carried out on the experimental platform of ultrasonic cutting with self-developed ultrasonic vibration cutting system to verify the actual cutting performance of tools with different parameters. The effective cutting length of tool matching ultrasonic system with different parameters is analyzed, and the influence of different cutting length on machining precision and surface quality of workpiece is studied.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TG663;TG71
[Abstract]:The NOMEX honeycomb core material is made by human beings following the principle of hexagonal honeycomb nest built by bees in nature. Because of its small density and light weight, high specific strength and specific stiffness, and strong impact resistance, the honeycomb core material is made by human beings. It is widely used in many fields such as aerospace high-speed train and so on because of its good self-extinguishment. However, the special structure and mechanical properties of honeycomb core materials make them exhibit poor machining performance, low efficiency and low tool life in the traditional machining process, which cause quality problems and even lead to parts scrapping. Therefore, it is very important to study high-efficiency and high-quality machining technology for its application in many fields. As a new type of machining technology, ultrasonic assisted machining technology overcomes many disadvantages caused by traditional machining technology. Its advantages are that it can effectively reduce cutting force, prolong tool service life and improve workpiece surface machining quality. It is widely used in the processing of honeycomb materials. This paper focuses on the key technologies of ultrasonic assisted cutting and machining system, compares and studies the performance of ultrasonic cutting tools with different shapes, determines the proper structure of straight cutting tools, and builds an experimental platform for ultrasonic cutting of honeycomb materials. The performance of ultrasonic cutting pointed knife with straight edge is verified and the machining performance and effect of ultrasonic cutting sharp knife are preliminarily analyzed. The main contents and results of this thesis are as follows: (1) according to the characteristics of honeycomb core material and its machining requirements, combined with the requirements of ultrasonic vibration system on the material and strength of the cutting tool, the special tool for ultrasonic cutting of honeycomb core is developed. Through theoretical and simulation analysis, combined with experiments to compare the cutting tool performance of two kinds of structure, the variation law of tool lateral amplitude is analyzed, and the suitable tool structure is determined. (2) in order to study the matching performance between tool and ultrasonic vibration system, Further research on ultrasonic cutting technology needs a corresponding experimental platform to meet the corresponding needs. On the basis of previous studies, an experimental platform for ultrasonic cutting is built, which has stable performance and can meet the basic requirements of the experiment. The whole performance of the platform matched with the ultrasonic system is tested by the experiment debugging. (3) on the basis of analyzing and researching the simulated tool, the tool structure parameters are improved, the tool material is changed, and the simulation and experiment are carried out. The variation of the overall resonant frequency and amplitude of the tool matching ultrasonic system with different parameters is compared, and the variation law of the transverse amplitude of the tool is studied at the same time. The ultrasonic cutting experiment of honeycomb core material was carried out on the experimental platform of ultrasonic cutting with self-developed ultrasonic vibration cutting system to verify the actual cutting performance of tools with different parameters. The effective cutting length of tool matching ultrasonic system with different parameters is analyzed, and the influence of different cutting length on machining precision and surface quality of workpiece is studied.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TG663;TG71
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
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2 黄秀秀;胡小平;于保华;吴胜游;;基于断裂力学的Nomex蜂窝复合材料超声切割机理研究[J];机械工程学报;2015年23期
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