超细晶304不锈钢晶粒长大行为及力学性能研究
发布时间:2018-08-17 12:11
【摘要】:针对超细晶304不锈钢研究了退火温度和退火时间对晶粒长大行为和力学性能的影响,测试了不同晶粒尺寸的晶粒长大激活能、应力-应变曲线和内耗-温度谱线,分析了晶粒长大机理。主要研究结果如下:(1)试验钢的晶粒尺寸随退火温度的提高和退火时间的延长而增大。在相同保温时间下,退火温度低于400℃时,晶粒尺寸增幅不明显;当退火温度升高到500℃时,晶粒长大的增幅变大。在相同退火温度下,晶粒长大趋势随着退火时间的延长而降低;退火温度对晶粒长大的幅度影响较大。晶粒长大指数n值随着退火温度的升高而增大,晶粒尺寸计算值与实际测量值偏差很小,晶粒长大规律符合晶粒长大动力学Beck方程。计算得出的奥氏体晶粒长大激活能随退火温度的升高而增大,其大小接近计算得出的晶界弛豫激活能值。(2)试验钢的屈服强度与晶粒尺寸满足Hall-Petch关系,即随着晶粒尺寸不断减小屈服强度不断增高。内耗-温度谱线中均出现P1、P2和P3内耗峰,P1峰先升高再下降,P2峰先降低再升高,P3峰值不断降低。退火温度和时间对间隙原子的激发效果分别是递增和恒定的。退火温度越高,间隙原子在位错处聚集饱和所用时间越短,过饱和的间隙原子形成第二相析出对位错进行钉扎越早,对位错可动性的影响越提前,随着退火的进行,第二相物质粗化对位错钉扎效果减弱,位错可动性增强。随退火温度的升高,强度和硬度值表现为先缓慢下降再急剧下降;随退火时间的延长,二者表现则相反。(3)试验钢的拉伸应力随着应变速率的升高而增加,随着晶粒尺寸不断增大,对应变速率的敏感性降低,拉伸应力逐渐降低,延伸率逐渐提高。随着晶粒尺寸不断增大,基于晶界滑动的塑性变形机制减弱,位错运动在塑性变形中的作用增强。内耗-温度谱线中的P1、P2峰随变形量的增大而升高,变形量到一定的时候峰高便达到饱和;随着晶粒尺寸的增大,P1、P2峰的饱和度增加,表明一定的晶粒尺寸下位错增殖后的密度达到了一定的限度。晶粒尺寸大于400nm时,晶粒尺寸越小,在塑性变形初期位错达到饱和的时间越短,对晶界滑动阻力越大,加工硬化现象越明显。在随后的塑性变形阶段,位错在晶界附近塞积引发动态回复,位错的生成与泯灭相抵,使位错产生与消失到达了一个平衡状态,加工硬化率低。
[Abstract]:The effects of annealing temperature and annealing time on grain growth behavior and mechanical properties of ultrafine grained 304 stainless steel were studied. The activation energy of grain growth, stress-strain curve and internal friction temperature spectrum of different grain sizes were measured. The grain growth mechanism was analyzed. The main results are as follows: (1) the grain size increases with the increase of annealing temperature and annealing time. At the same holding time, the increase of grain size is not obvious when the annealing temperature is lower than 400 鈩,
本文编号:2187588
[Abstract]:The effects of annealing temperature and annealing time on grain growth behavior and mechanical properties of ultrafine grained 304 stainless steel were studied. The activation energy of grain growth, stress-strain curve and internal friction temperature spectrum of different grain sizes were measured. The grain growth mechanism was analyzed. The main results are as follows: (1) the grain size increases with the increase of annealing temperature and annealing time. At the same holding time, the increase of grain size is not obvious when the annealing temperature is lower than 400 鈩,
本文编号:2187588
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