曲管内壁除锈机构设计及其仿真研究

发布时间：2018-08-23 12:36

【摘要】：作为五大运输方式之一,金属管道随处可见,且与我们的生活息息相关,给我们的生活带来了巨大的便利。但是,金属管道的腐蚀却常常给我们带来严重的后果,比如污染环境、停产,甚至发生爆炸,火灾等。而弯管作为管道必不可少的一部分,往往由于弯管自身的特点导致其因受流体的冲蚀作用而更易发生腐蚀。现有的可以对弯管除锈的方法中,酸洗法除锈时会产生有毒气体,除锈质量不稳定,且长期操作对操作人员的身体危害非常大;高压水射流法会产生大量的废水,污染环境,并且花费的成本也高;现有的针对弯管除锈的喷砂除锈也同样会在除锈过程中产生大量的灰尘。如何快速、简单且降低污染地对弯管的内壁除锈,已成为急需解决的一大难题。本课题研究设计的曲管内壁除锈机构,主要运用十字轴式万向节可变角度传动的特点,作为除锈机构的主体部分,使机构整体能够平稳、顺利地通过不同曲率的弯道;通过软轴的带动,使连接在主体上的磨块旋转,以达到管道内壁除锈的目的。磨块所需的压力由弹簧及离心力来获得,并且通过压缩弹簧的伸缩性能可实现直径在Φ80-Φ100的单直径普通钢管弯管内壁除锈。本除锈机构结构简单,易于操作,有效地提高工作效率。课题研究完成的主要内容如下:(1)根据课题的研究目的及弯管的特点,对十字轴式万向联轴节的结构及运动特性进行分析,分析设计机构的运动方式及主要零部件,并合理的确定了机构的整体布局;(2)根据除锈机构对管道内壁的压力要求,确定除锈机构的主要运动参数,并且对关键的零部件结构进行理论设计计算;(3)利用SOLIDWORKS软件对除锈机构进行整体建模,并导入ADAMS软件,针对《管材和管件选用手册》中8种常见的弯管类型,进行运动学及动力学仿真,从而得出相关数据;(4)利用ANSYS软件分析关键零部件的位移矢量和应力状态,确定机构在正常运行的情况下,使各零部件满足强度要求。经过仿真分析及有限元分析,可确定出机构各零部件及机构整体可满足正常使用要求。
[Abstract]:As one of the five modes of transportation, metal pipes can be found everywhere and are closely related to our life, which brings great convenience to our life. However, the corrosion of metal pipes often brings us serious consequences, such as environmental pollution, shutdown, even explosion, fire and so on. As an indispensable part of pipeline, bend pipe is more susceptible to corrosion due to its own characteristics. Among the existing methods that can remove rust from bent pipes, the acid washing method will produce toxic gases when removing rust, the quality of rust removal will be unstable, and the long-term operation will be very harmful to the body of the operators; the high-pressure water jet method will produce a large amount of wastewater and pollute the environment. And the cost is also high; the existing sandblasting for rust-removing bends will also produce a large amount of dust in the process of rust removal. How to remove rust from the inner wall of bends quickly, simply and with low pollution has become an urgent problem. In this paper, the rust-removing mechanism of the inner wall of the curved tube is designed, which mainly uses the characteristics of the cross shaft universal joint variable angle transmission, as the main part of the rust-removing mechanism, so that the whole mechanism can smoothly pass through the bend of different curvature. The grinding block connected to the main body is rotated by the driving of the soft shaft to achieve the purpose of removing rust from the inner wall of the pipe. The pressure required for grinding block is obtained by spring and centrifugal force, and the internal wall of single diameter common steel pipe bend pipe with diameter 桅 80- 桅 100 can be removed by the compression spring's extensibility. The rust-removing mechanism has the advantages of simple structure, easy operation and effective improvement of working efficiency. The main contents of the research are as follows: (1) according to the purpose of the research and the characteristics of the bend pipe, the structure and motion characteristics of the cross shaft universal coupling are analyzed, and the motion mode and main parts of the design mechanism are analyzed. And reasonably determine the overall layout of the mechanism. (2) according to the pressure requirements of the rust-removing mechanism on the inner wall of the pipeline, the main parameters of the rust-removing mechanism are determined. The structure of key parts is designed and calculated theoretically. (3) the rust-removing mechanism is modeled by SOLIDWORKS software and imported into ADAMS software. According to the "Manual of Pipe and Pipe fittings", there are 8 kinds of common pipe bending types. The kinematics and dynamics simulation is carried out to obtain the relevant data. (4) the displacement vector and stress state of the key parts are analyzed by ANSYS software and the mechanism is determined to meet the strength requirements under normal operation. Through simulation analysis and finite element analysis, it can be determined that all parts of the mechanism and the whole mechanism can meet the requirements of normal use.
【学位授予单位】：太原科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG173

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