基于GPU的数控机床虚拟仿真系统研究与实现
发布时间：2018-08-25 20:29
【摘要】：在“工业4.0”大背景下,“虚拟工厂”已成为“智能制造”领域中重要的研究课题。作为虚拟工厂的主要组成部分,如何建立一个实时性好、真实感强的数控机床虚拟仿真系统已成为当前研究的热点。针对传统的虚拟仿真系统实时性差、仿真画面真实感不强以及兼容性差等问题,本文以常见类型的五轴数控机床为研究对象,基于GPU加速技术进行了全新的数控机床虚拟仿真系统的设计与开发。具体研究内容如下:(1)根据现有的虚拟仿真系统的一些优缺点以及实际数控加工需求,对本虚拟仿真系统进行了需求分析;以面向对象为指导思想,对数控机床虚拟仿真系统进行总体框架设计,按照功能属性不能耦合的原则将系统划分为四大模块;针对本系统底层编程语言表达的逻辑对象之间调用关系复杂的情况,重点对这些抽象后的逻辑对象的类进行整体逻辑架构设计。(2)为了给本数控机床虚拟仿真系统提供3D模型素材,以某数控车间多种类型的机床为样本,开展了精确、逼真度高的三维建模工作。针对传统的虚拟仿真软件只能导入一种模型文件类型的情况,本文对几种常见的模型文件类型进行了数据结构分析,并提出了相应的模型导入算法,着重分析了3D模型在基于OpenGL图形库创建的虚拟环境中显示的工作原理。(3)针对传统的虚拟仿真系统只能实现某一特定类型机床的仿真运动的缺陷,本文以机床运动链为标准对常见的机床进行类型划分,分析了每种类型机床工作机理,提出了一种通过设置机床运动部件的运动形式来实现多种类型机床虚拟仿真的解决方案。为了解决由于机床转轴模型的旋转中心轴与坐标系轴不重合而引起仿真运动失真的情况,提出了一种通用解决算法。(4)结合数控机床虚拟仿真系统对实时数据的要求,设计并实现了仿真系统与现实机床数据通信的接口模块。同时分析两种旋转机制的工作原理,提出了相应的算法,实现了人机界面交互。(5)为了解决仿真系统实时性差的问题,本文引入了GPU加速技术。结合GPU异步传输原理,将模型数据直接传递给GPU的顶点缓存中,一方面利用GPU强大的并行运算能力处理模型数据,节约了CPU资源;另一方面优化了CPU与GPU之间数据传方式,减少了数据传递的时间,极大的提高了系统实时性。
[Abstract]:Under the background of "Industry 4.0", "Virtual Factory" has become an important research topic in the field of "Intelligent Manufacturing". As the main component of virtual factory, how to establish a virtual simulation system of NC machine tool with good real-time and strong sense of reality has become a hot spot of current research. Aiming at the problems of the traditional virtual simulation system, such as poor real time, low realistic picture and poor compatibility, this paper takes the common five-axis NC machine tool as the research object. Based on GPU acceleration technology, the design and development of a new virtual simulation system for NC machine tools are carried out. The specific research contents are as follows: (1) according to the advantages and disadvantages of the existing virtual simulation system and the actual NC machining requirements, the requirements of the virtual simulation system are analyzed. The system is divided into four modules according to the principle that the function attribute can not be coupled, and the system is divided into four modules according to the overall frame design of the virtual simulation system of numerical control machine tools, aiming at the complex calling relationship between the logic objects expressed in the programming language of this system. In order to provide 3D model material for the virtual simulation system of numerical control machine tools, taking various types of machine tools in a numerical control workshop as a sample, the design of the whole logic architecture of these abstract logic objects is emphasized. (2) in order to provide 3D model material for the virtual simulation system of the NC machine tools, the precision is carried out. High fidelity of three-dimensional modeling work. In view of the situation that traditional virtual simulation software can only import one model file type, this paper analyzes the data structure of several common model file types, and puts forward the corresponding model import algorithm. The working principle of 3D model display in the virtual environment based on OpenGL graphics library is analyzed emphatically. (3) aiming at the defect that the traditional virtual simulation system can only realize the simulation motion of a particular type of machine tool, In this paper, the common machine tools are divided according to the movement chain of machine tools, the working mechanism of each type of machine tools is analyzed, and a solution to realize the virtual simulation of various types of machine tools by setting the motion forms of moving parts of machine tools is put forward. In order to solve the problem that the rotation center axis of the machine tool model does not coincide with the coordinate axis, a general solution algorithm is proposed. (4) the real-time data requirement of the virtual simulation system for NC machine tools is proposed. The interface module between the simulation system and the real machine tool data communication is designed and implemented. At the same time, the working principle of the two rotation mechanisms is analyzed, and the corresponding algorithm is proposed to realize the man-machine interface interaction. (5) in order to solve the problem of poor real-time performance of the simulation system, GPU acceleration technology is introduced in this paper. Combined with the principle of asynchronous transmission of GPU, the model data is transferred directly to the vertex cache of GPU. On the one hand, the powerful parallel computing ability of GPU is used to process the model data, which saves the CPU resource; on the other hand, the data transmission mode between CPU and GPU is optimized. It reduces the time of data transfer and greatly improves the real-time of the system.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG659
[Abstract]:Under the background of "Industry 4.0", "Virtual Factory" has become an important research topic in the field of "Intelligent Manufacturing". As the main component of virtual factory, how to establish a virtual simulation system of NC machine tool with good real-time and strong sense of reality has become a hot spot of current research. Aiming at the problems of the traditional virtual simulation system, such as poor real time, low realistic picture and poor compatibility, this paper takes the common five-axis NC machine tool as the research object. Based on GPU acceleration technology, the design and development of a new virtual simulation system for NC machine tools are carried out. The specific research contents are as follows: (1) according to the advantages and disadvantages of the existing virtual simulation system and the actual NC machining requirements, the requirements of the virtual simulation system are analyzed. The system is divided into four modules according to the principle that the function attribute can not be coupled, and the system is divided into four modules according to the overall frame design of the virtual simulation system of numerical control machine tools, aiming at the complex calling relationship between the logic objects expressed in the programming language of this system. In order to provide 3D model material for the virtual simulation system of numerical control machine tools, taking various types of machine tools in a numerical control workshop as a sample, the design of the whole logic architecture of these abstract logic objects is emphasized. (2) in order to provide 3D model material for the virtual simulation system of the NC machine tools, the precision is carried out. High fidelity of three-dimensional modeling work. In view of the situation that traditional virtual simulation software can only import one model file type, this paper analyzes the data structure of several common model file types, and puts forward the corresponding model import algorithm. The working principle of 3D model display in the virtual environment based on OpenGL graphics library is analyzed emphatically. (3) aiming at the defect that the traditional virtual simulation system can only realize the simulation motion of a particular type of machine tool, In this paper, the common machine tools are divided according to the movement chain of machine tools, the working mechanism of each type of machine tools is analyzed, and a solution to realize the virtual simulation of various types of machine tools by setting the motion forms of moving parts of machine tools is put forward. In order to solve the problem that the rotation center axis of the machine tool model does not coincide with the coordinate axis, a general solution algorithm is proposed. (4) the real-time data requirement of the virtual simulation system for NC machine tools is proposed. The interface module between the simulation system and the real machine tool data communication is designed and implemented. At the same time, the working principle of the two rotation mechanisms is analyzed, and the corresponding algorithm is proposed to realize the man-machine interface interaction. (5) in order to solve the problem of poor real-time performance of the simulation system, GPU acceleration technology is introduced in this paper. Combined with the principle of asynchronous transmission of GPU, the model data is transferred directly to the vertex cache of GPU. On the one hand, the powerful parallel computing ability of GPU is used to process the model data, which saves the CPU resource; on the other hand, the data transmission mode between CPU and GPU is optimized. It reduces the time of data transfer and greatly improves the real-time of the system.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG659
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
1 罗陆锋;邹湘军;张丛;谢雷;;基于实时数据的角色运动建模与仿真[J];系统仿真学报;2015年04期
2 李s，
本文编号：2204012
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