基于CCD的装配式铣刀盘精度检测技术研究

发布时间：2018-09-04 12:47

【摘要】：螺旋锥齿轮在机械行业中起着重要作用,而且被广泛的应用。在加工螺旋锥齿轮的过程中,为保证加工质量和加工刀具的寿命,需要对加工刀具“装配式铣刀盘”的安装精度进行检测。根据装配式铣刀盘的切削刃径向跳动、高度跳动的检测结果调整刀具安装精度。目前,装配式铣刀盘的检测方法主要是应用接触式检测技术,该方法采用两个测头分别检测径向跳动和高度跳动。接触式检测方法检测效率和精度较低,同时受接触力的影响,会增大检测过程中的误差。本文采用CCD摄像机,利用摄像机标定、图像处理、特征提取等技术对装配式铣刀盘进行非接触式检测。消除了传统检测方法中接触力的影响,提高了检测效率,还可以避免刀具损伤。本文主要研究工作如下:(1)设计了获取图像的硬件设备,选择了CCD摄像机及LED光源并确定光源照射方式。(2)根据标定理论,考虑到装配式铣刀盘自身特点,本文采用传统的摄像机标定法,进行了初步标定实验。(3)通过研究多种图像处理方法,结合本文的实际情况,提出了适合本文的图像预处理方法,通过改进传统的Canny算子,提高了边缘检测的精度。边缘检测后再对图像有效边缘进行提取。(4)分析了多种亚像素边缘定位算法,采用改进的高斯拟合亚像素定位算法。研究了装配式铣刀盘参数的具体计算方法,实现了铣刀盘安装精度参数检测的功能。本文完成了试验平台搭建,对摄像机进行了标定,改进传统的Canny算子并采用改进的高斯拟合亚像素定位算法。通过实验确定检测方法的可行性,实现了非接触式检测。
[Abstract]:Spiral bevel gear plays an important role in mechanical industry and is widely used. In the process of machining spiral bevel gear, in order to guarantee the machining quality and the life of the cutting tool, it is necessary to check the installation accuracy of the machining tool "assembly milling cutter disc". According to the radial runout of the cutting edge and the height runout of the assembled milling cutter, the installation accuracy of the cutter is adjusted. At present, the detection method of assembled milling cutter disc is mainly using contact detection technology, which uses two probes to detect radial runout and height runout respectively. The detection efficiency and accuracy of the contact detection method are low, and the errors in the detection process will be increased due to the influence of contact force. In this paper, CCD camera, camera calibration, image processing, feature extraction and other techniques are used for contactless detection of assembled milling cutter disc. The influence of contact force in traditional detection method is eliminated, the detection efficiency is improved, and tool damage can be avoided. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) the hardware equipment for image acquisition is designed, the CCD camera and LED light source are selected and the illumination mode of the light source is determined. (2) according to the calibration theory, the characteristics of the assembled milling cutter disc are considered. In this paper, the traditional camera calibration method is used to carry out the preliminary calibration experiment. (3) by studying various image processing methods and combining the actual situation of this paper, the image preprocessing method suitable for this paper is put forward, and the traditional Canny operator is improved. The accuracy of edge detection is improved. After edge detection, the effective edge of the image is extracted. (4) several sub-pixel edge localization algorithms are analyzed, and the improved Gao Si fitting sub-pixel location algorithm is adopted. The method of calculating the parameters of assembled milling cutter disc is studied, and the function of detecting the precision parameters of milling cutter disc is realized. In this paper, the experimental platform is built, the camera is calibrated, the traditional Canny operator is improved, and the improved Gao Si fitting sub-pixel localization algorithm is adopted. The feasibility of the testing method is determined by experiments, and the non-contact detection is realized.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG714;TP391.41

【相似文献】