钢—铝复合板界面力学性能温轧后处理研究

发布时间：2018-10-07 17:37

【摘要】：钢-铝复合板同时具备了钢背的高强度以及铝基合金优良的导电性、导热性和耐腐蚀性等优点,在航空航天、船舶、轨道交通、化工医疗等领域都发挥着重要作用。但是,在制备后钢-铝复合板界面处存在较大的残余应力,而现有的钢-铝复合板后处理技术在改善复合板界面力学性能上都存在一定不足,对复合板界面剪切强度产生较大影响。本文用拉铸复合法制备钢-铝复合板,并采用温轧后处理技术,解决了室温小变形轧制后处理方法存在的“复合板界面剪切强度横向分布不均匀”的问题,又解决了去应力退火后处理后“界面脆化”的问题,得到了界面力学性能优异的钢-铝复合板。主要研究内容及所获成果如下：(1)制备钢-铝复合板并对钢-铝复合板界面残余应力的产生进行分析。(2)利用DEFORM-3D软件开展了室温小变形轧制后处理有限元模拟技术,重点研究不同压下率对复合板内部等效应力场和等效应变场的影响,为后续后处理方法的实施提供实验依据。(3)开展了室温单道次小变形轧制后处理和二道次小变形轧制后处理研究。建立了后处理条件(压下率、压下率比例)与复合板界面力学性能(界面剪切强度、横向界面剪切强度不均匀度)之间的关系,探究后处理条件对界面剪切强度的影响机理。研究发现室温小变形轧制后处理方法虽然能够有效提高界面剪切强度,但是造成了复合板横向界面剪切强度分布不均匀,严重影响了复合板的使用性能。(4)针对室温小变形轧制后处理方法存在的不足,在单道次小变形轧制后处理确定最佳压下率的基础上,开展了钢-铝复合板温轧后处理研究,并与去应力退火后处理实验作对比,重点研究轧制温度与界面力学性能之间的关系,分析了温轧后处理方法的机理,确定了合适的温轧后处理工艺,得到了平均界面剪切强度值最大,界面剪切强度分布不均匀度最小的钢-铝复合板。
[Abstract]:Steel-aluminum composite plate has the advantages of high strength of steel back and excellent electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance of Al-base alloy. It plays an important role in aerospace, ship, rail transit, chemical and medical fields. However, there is a large residual stress at the interface of the steel-aluminum composite plate after preparation, and the existing post-treatment technology of the steel-aluminum composite plate has some shortcomings in improving the mechanical properties of the composite plate interface. The interfacial shear strength of composite plate is greatly affected. In this paper, the steel-aluminum composite plate was prepared by casting method, and the problem of "uneven transverse distribution of interfacial shear strength of composite plate" was solved by means of warm rolling post-treatment technology, which existed in the post-treatment method of small deformation rolling at room temperature. The problem of "interface embrittlement" after post-treatment was solved, and the steel-aluminum composite plate with excellent interfacial mechanical properties was obtained. The main research contents and results are as follows: (1) preparation of steel-aluminum composite plate and analysis of residual stress at the interface of steel and aluminum composite plate. (2) finite element simulation technique for post-treatment of small deformation rolling at room temperature has been developed by using DEFORM-3D software. The effect of different reduction rates on the equal effect force field and equivalent strain field in the composite plate is studied. It provides experimental basis for the implementation of subsequent post-treatment methods. (3) the post-treatment of single-pass small deformation rolling at room temperature and post-treatment of two-pass small deformation rolling are carried out. The relationship between post-treatment conditions (reduction rate, reduction ratio) and interfacial mechanical properties (interfacial shear strength, transverse shear strength unevenness) of composite plate was established, and the influence mechanism of post-treatment conditions on interfacial shear strength was explored. It is found that although the post-treatment method of small deformation rolling at room temperature can effectively improve the interfacial shear strength, the transverse shear strength distribution of the composite plate is not uniform. The performance of composite plate is seriously affected. (4) in view of the shortcomings of the post-treatment method of small deformation rolling at room temperature, on the basis of determining the optimum reduction rate after single pass small deformation rolling, the research on post-treatment of warm rolling of steel and aluminum composite plate is carried out. The relationship between the rolling temperature and the mechanical properties of the interface is studied, and the mechanism of the post-treatment method is analyzed, and the suitable post-treatment process is determined, compared with the post-treatment experiment of post-treatment after annealing without stress, and the relationship between the rolling temperature and the mechanical properties of the interface is studied. The steel-aluminum composite plates with the largest average interfacial shear strength and the least uneven distribution of interfacial shear strength are obtained.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TG335

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