国内外高氮马氏体不锈轴承钢研究现状与发展

发布时间：2018-11-24 13:43

【摘要】：高碳铬不锈钢是应用最为广泛的不锈轴承钢,其具有较高的硬度和一定的耐蚀性,然而较高的碳、铬质量分数导致粗大碳化物的出现,轴承钢的疲劳和耐蚀性能将受到损害。相比之下,钢中添加氮元素能够减少粗大共晶碳化物的数量,同时析出大量细小的氮化物及碳氮化物,氮代碳既强化基体又改善耐蚀性,从而获得高强度与良好耐蚀性。介绍了含氮轴承钢及含氮马氏体轴承钢的发展历程,分析了不锈轴承钢中氮元素对组织结构、力学性能和耐蚀性能的作用机理;介绍国内外含氮轴承钢的研究现状并指出了含氮轴承钢研究的不足,需要在氮溶解模型、氮对组织演变及耐蚀机制等方面进行基础理论研究,同时不断研发不同系列的含氮马氏体轴承钢。
[Abstract]:High carbon chromium stainless steel is the most widely used stainless bearing steel, which has high hardness and corrosion resistance. However, high carbon and chromium mass fraction lead to the appearance of coarse carbides, and the fatigue and corrosion resistance of bearing steel will be damaged. In contrast, the addition of nitrogen in steel can reduce the amount of coarse eutectic carbides and precipitate a large number of fine nitride and carbonitride at the same time. Nitrogen substituted carbon not only strengthens the matrix but also improves the corrosion resistance, thus obtaining high strength and good corrosion resistance. The development process of bearing steel containing nitrogen and martensite bearing steel containing nitrogen is introduced. The action mechanism of nitrogen element in stainless bearing steel on microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion resistance is analyzed. This paper introduces the research status of bearing steel containing nitrogen at home and abroad, and points out the deficiency of research on bearing steel containing nitrogen. It is necessary to carry out basic theoretical research on nitrogen dissolution model, microstructure evolution and corrosion resistance mechanism of nitrogen. At the same time, research and development of different series of nitrogenous martensite bearing steel.
【作者单位】：华中科技大学材料科学与工程学院;钢铁研究总院特殊钢研究所;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51371057)
【分类号】：TG142.71

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