管体坡口专用加工机床关键部件动态特性分析

发布时间：2019-04-19 22:50

【摘要】：在我国,管体坡口切削技术依然较国外先进技术有较大差距,以至于现在管体坡口切削专用数控机床的关键技术及工艺依然依赖国外,使加工成本居高不下,限制了我国制造业的发展。随着我国装备制造业及其高新技术产业的发展,对管体坡口加工技术的要求越来越高,对管体坡口专用加工机床的稳定性要求也就越来越高。本文通过分析管体坡口专用加工机床关键部件的动态特性,找到变形最大的区域,确定关键零部件的固有频率,明确其固有振型及变形趋势,以便对机床进行优化设计以及再制造设计。首先,通过研究管体坡口的特点,确定了管体坡口专用加工机床的加工方案。根据机床的加工方案和设计要求确定了机床的总体布局,明确了机床各重要部件的运动关系和结构尺寸并分析了机床的铣头摆角误差。其次,应用三维设计软件建立三维实体模型,利用接口技术将三维实体模型导入有限元分析软件,建立机床关键部件的有限元模型,并验证了模型的收敛性。在深入研究并掌握了动力学理论的基础上,应用有限元分析软件对机床的关键部件进行了模态分析,得到了各个部件的前5阶固有频率和振型,明确了变形趋势和最大变形区域。然后,在模态分析的基础上,对最大变形区域内的指定点应用有限元分析软件进行谐响应分析,得到了变形位移与激振力振动频率的关系曲线图,并预测了机床在正常工作状态下各个关键部件的最大变形位移,以便对其进一步的优化设计和再制造设计。最后,在不改变立柱外形尺寸的前提下,利用有限元分析软件对立柱内部筋板的结构尺寸进行了优化设计,经过优化,达到了在保证动态特性基本不变的情况下,降低质量的目的。本文旨在通过分析管体坡口专用加工机床的动态特性,预测机床关键部件的动态性能,为机床的优化设计提供依据,从而达到提高机床的加工质量和加工效率,降低机床的生产成本的目的。
[Abstract]:In our country, the cutting technology of pipe groove is still far behind that of foreign advanced technology, so that the key technology and technology of numerical control machine tool for pipe groove cutting are still dependent on foreign countries, which makes the machining cost high. It has restricted the development of our country's manufacturing industry. With the development of equipment manufacturing industry and high-tech industry in our country, the requirement of pipe groove machining technology is higher and higher, and the stability of special-purpose pipe groove machining machine is also higher and higher. Based on the analysis of the dynamic characteristics of the key parts of the special machining machine tool for pipe groove, this paper finds the most deformed area, determines the natural frequency of the key parts, and clarifies the inherent mode shape and deformation trend of the key parts. In order to optimize the machine design and re-manufacture design. First of all, by studying the characteristics of pipe groove, the machining scheme of special machining machine for pipe groove is determined. According to the machining scheme and design requirements of the machine tool, the overall layout of the machine tool is determined, the motion relation and the structure dimension of the important parts of the machine tool are defined, and the error of the milling head swing angle is analyzed. Secondly, the 3D solid model is established by using the 3D design software, and the 3D solid model is imported into the finite element analysis software by using the interface technology. The finite element model of the key parts of the machine tool is established, and the convergence of the model is verified. Based on the in-depth study and grasp of the dynamics theory, the modal analysis of the key components of the machine tool is carried out by using the finite element analysis software, and the first five natural frequencies and mode shapes of each component are obtained. The deformation trend and maximum deformation area are defined. Then, on the basis of modal analysis, the finite element analysis software is used to analyze the harmonic response of the designated points in the maximum deformation region, and the curve of the relation between the deformation displacement and the vibration frequency of the excitation force is obtained. The maximum deformation displacement of the key parts of the machine under normal working condition is predicted in order to further optimize the design and re-manufacture design of the machine tool. Finally, the finite element analysis software is used to optimize the structural size of the stiffened plate in the column without changing the shape size of the column. After optimization, the dynamic characteristics of the column are basically unchanged, and the finite element analysis software is used to optimize the structure size of the internal stiffened plate of the column. The purpose of reducing quality. The purpose of this paper is to predict the dynamic performance of the key parts of the machine tool by analyzing the dynamic characteristics of the special machining machine for the groove of the pipe body, so as to provide the basis for the optimization design of the machine tool, so as to improve the machining quality and efficiency of the machine tool. The purpose of reducing the production cost of machine tools.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG659

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