城市快速路交通流特性分析

发布时间：2018-01-01 03:27

本文关键词：城市快速路交通流特性分析　出处：《浙江大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：交通流特性分析是交通流理论研究工作的重要组成部分之一。对快速路的交通运行情况以及交通流参数变化情况进行深入研究,总结交通流参数变化的相关规律,能够为科学控制、管理快速路及其辅路的交通流提供理论指导。本研究结合调查的北京市快速路交通流数据,基于驾驶员行为特性对其交通流特性进行分析研究,具体内容如下： 1、分析调查得到的快速路交通流三参数,交通量、速度、密度(由于密度比较难测量,所以本研究用时间占有率代替)各自的变化特征以及建立交通量、速度、密度三者参数的关系模型,利用FCM算法对交通流状态进行划分。 2、考虑到驾驶员特点的不同,将驾驶员分为激进型和谨慎型驾驶员。激进型驾驶员倾向高速行驶,较少刹车,与前车保持较小的车间距。谨慎型驾驶员倾向低速行驶,与前车保持较大的车间距。基于上述驾驶员特点,将跟驰状态分为强跟驰和弱跟驰两种状态。 3、在分析跟驰行为时,一般从两个方面进行研究,一个是跟驰模型,另一个是关于跟驰状态判定。在实际观测交通流数据的基础上,探讨了不同车头时距情况下的跟驰车辆运行特性,根据相对速度绝对值与车头时距之间的相关关系定量地判定车辆运行状态,确定了跟驰状态车头时距临界值。 4、利用高斯混合模型对强跟驰和弱跟驰的假设进行验证。基于强、弱跟驰的现象特点,提出车头时距混合分布模型,并与其他常用车头时距模型进行对比。 5、利用速度的标准差、V85-V15差值以及相邻速度差绝对值作为车速离散性的研究指标,分析车速离散性规律。
[Abstract]:The analysis of traffic flow characteristics is one of the important parts of the research work of traffic flow theory. It can provide theoretical guidance for the scientific control and management of the traffic flow on expressway and its auxiliary roads. This study combines the traffic flow data of Beijing Expressway. Based on the characteristics of driver behavior, the traffic flow characteristics are analyzed and studied. The specific contents are as follows: 1. Analyze the three parameters of expressway traffic flow, traffic volume, speed, density (because the density is difficult to measure, so this study uses time occupation rate instead), and establish the traffic volume. The FCM algorithm is used to partition the traffic flow state in the relationship model of speed and density. 2. Considering the different characteristics of drivers, the drivers are divided into radical and cautious drivers. The radical drivers tend to drive at high speed and have less brakes. The cautious driver tends to drive at low speed and maintains a large distance with the front car. Based on the above characteristics, the car-following state is divided into two states: strong car-following state and weak car-following state. 3. In the analysis of car-following behavior, there are two aspects to be studied, one is car-following model, the other is judging car-following state, which is based on the actual observation of traffic flow data. This paper discusses the running characteristics of car-following vehicles under different head-length conditions, and quantitatively determines the vehicle running status according to the correlation between the absolute value of relative velocity and the head-time distance. The critical value of the head-time distance in the car-following state is determined. 4. Gao Si mixed model is used to verify the hypothesis of strong and weak car-following. Based on the phenomenon characteristics of strong and weak car-following, the head-time mixed distribution model is proposed. The model is compared with other models. 5. Using the value of V85-V15 difference of velocity and the absolute value of adjacent velocity difference as the research index of speed discreteness, the law of speed dispersion is analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491.112

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