新型半潜式开孔防波堤水动力特性的研究

发布时间：2018-01-03 11:23

本文关键词：新型半潜式开孔防波堤水动力特性的研究　出处：《中国海洋大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着海洋科学技术的发展，，传统的防波堤已经不能完全满足实际工程的需要。近年来各国的专家们为了更好的满足工程需求，从各个方面去改进传统的防波堤或者研究新型的防波堤结构。Jarlan型开孔防波堤的概念被提出来以后在实际工程中受到广泛应用，它具有受力小、反射系数小的优点，受力小保证了防波堤的稳定性，反射系数小保证了船舶的安全航行，并且降低了海床的冲刷。随着可持续发展的观念越来越深入，对于环境的保护愈加重视，这就要求在施工时尽量减小对周围环境的影响。对于有些沿海地区，海床基础比较薄弱，此时更适合采用桩基支撑的半潜式防波堤结构。半潜式防波堤的使用对海床条件要求比较低，而且通过实验可以发现半潜式结构在深水中更适用；并且它可以允许水体自由进行交换，对周围的环境影响比较小。考虑到这两者的优点，研究者们试图将两种结构结合起来，提出一种更加优越的消浪结构。本文在借助前人研究的基础上提出了一种新型半潜式Jarlan型防波堤，并对该结构进行了理论方面的研究，这是本文的第一部分的工作。第二部分对新提出的防波堤结构进行了实验方面的研究和分析。最后利用理论模型对结构的受力情况进行了研究。本次试验中制作了三种结构模型，这三种结构的前板开孔率固定不变，将底板做了变化：A：无底板；B：实体底板；C：开孔率为10%的开孔底板。数据分析过程中对开孔底板结构、实体底板结构以及无底板结构三种结构的反射系数、透射系数以及耗能系数随着相对板间距（B/L）、相对水深（k0d）的变化进行了研究。同时还对三种结构的反射系数、透射系数、耗能系数分别进行了分析和对比，得到了三种结构的受力变化的曲线图，并利用理论对三种结构的受力进行了分析对比，得到三种结构的受力情况。在对三种结构的水动力特性的分析对比中，得到了以下结论：在本文给定的工况下，开孔底板结构和实体底板的性能对比，两者在波浪的透射方面相当，开孔底板结构的反射系数较小，且耗能系数较大。对于开孔底板和无底板结构的对比，在本文给定的波浪周期较大的情况下，选择开孔底板结构比较合适，周期较小时，可以考虑无底板的结构。实体底板的结构和无底板的结构的对比说明，在板间距较小时选用实体底板的消浪效果比较好，在板间距比较大的时候可以考虑无底板的结构。
[Abstract]:With the development of marine science and technology, the traditional breakwater can not fully meet the needs of practical engineering. In recent years, experts from all over the world in order to better meet the needs of the project. From various aspects to improve the traditional breakwater or to study a new type of breakwater structure. Jarlan hole breakwater concept has been put forward to be widely used in practical engineering, it has a small force. The small reflection coefficient ensures the stability of the breakwater, the small reflection coefficient ensures the safe navigation of the ship, and reduces the erosion of the seabed. With the concept of sustainable development more and more in-depth. More and more attention should be paid to the protection of the environment, which requires that the impact on the surrounding environment be minimized during construction. For some coastal areas, the seabed foundation is relatively weak. The semi-submersible breakwater structure supported by pile foundation is more suitable at this time. The use of semi-submersible breakwater requires less seabed conditions, and it can be found that the semi-submersible structure is more suitable in deep water. Considering the advantages of these two structures, the researchers try to combine the two structures together and propose a more superior wave dissipating structure. In this paper, a new type of semi-submersible Jarlan breakwater is proposed on the basis of previous studies, and the structure is studied theoretically. This is the work of the first part of this paper. In the second part, the experimental research and analysis of the newly proposed breakwater structure are carried out. Finally, the stress of the structure is studied by using the theoretical model. In this experiment, three kinds of structural models are made. The opening ratio of the front plate of the three structures is fixed, and the bottom plate is changed to the ratio of no bottom plate. B: solid bottom; C: the perforated bottom plate with an opening ratio of 10%. The reflection coefficients of three kinds of structures in the process of data analysis are as follows: the structure of the perforated bottom plate, the structure of solid bottom plate and the structure without bottom plate. The variation of transmission coefficient and energy dissipation coefficient with relative plate spacing (B / L) and relative water depth (K ~ 0 d) are studied. The reflection coefficient and transmission coefficient of three structures are also studied. The energy dissipation coefficient is analyzed and compared, and the curves of the three structures are obtained. The stress of the three structures is analyzed and compared by using the theory, and the stress situation of the three structures is obtained. In the analysis and comparison of the hydrodynamic characteristics of the three kinds of structures, the following conclusions are obtained: under the given working conditions in this paper, the performance comparison between the open-hole bottom structure and the solid bottom plate is equivalent in wave transmission. The reflection coefficient is small and the energy dissipation coefficient is large. For the comparison between the open-hole bottom plate and the non-bottom plate structure, it is more appropriate to choose the open-hole bottom plate structure under the given wave period in this paper. When the period is small, the structure without bottom plate can be considered. The comparison between the structure of solid bottom plate and the structure without bottom plate shows that the wave elimination effect of solid bottom plate is better when the space between plates is small. When the plate spacing is large, the structure without bottom plate can be considered.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U656.2

【参考文献】