公路水毁灾害遥感识别与损毁度评估研究

发布时间：2018-01-07 03:03

本文关键词：公路水毁灾害遥感识别与损毁度评估研究　出处：《长安大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：公路水毁灾害是常见的公路灾害之一。由于公路工程的带状构造特性，其沿线地形地貌、水文条件、地质条件复杂多变，致使公路水毁灾害类型也多种多样。遥感技术作为一门新兴的监测技术，其具有快速、有效、大范围获取信息的特点。因此，基于遥感监测技术的优势，利用遥感技术进行公路水毁灾害的识别和公路损毁度评估具有重要的工程意义和广阔的应用前景。公路水毁灾害遥感识别是根据各种公路水毁灾害的特点，选择合适的遥感影像和处理技术，，研究出各种公路水毁灾害的识别方法。公路损毁度评估是在公路水毁灾害识别的基础上，利用评估模型，确定公路水毁等级。首先，在总结了已有学者对公路水毁灾害分类的基础上，根据遥感识别的特点，本文按照水毁发生位置将公路水毁灾害分为沿河公路水毁、公路上边坡水毁和路面水毁三大类，并结合遥感影像的空间分辨率和时间分辨率，讨论了适合公路水毁灾害识别的遥感数据。其次，在遥感原理和遥感影像相关理论的基础上，根据信息库设计原则和面向对象的理论，进行了公路水毁灾害影像信息库的结构和功能设计，并阐明了信息库各系统模块的功能。再次，在分析了遥感影像传统监督和非监督分类方法的基础上，结合面向对象的分类方法，研究了适合水体、公路及公路水毁的识别技术。最后，根据公路损毁对交通的影响，利用损毁比例、受损系数和交通影响系数三个参数建立了公路损毁度评估模型，并对“816”特大洪水中大河西村到孤家子村水毁路段进行了评估，验证了本文评估模型的可行性。
[Abstract]:Flood disaster of highway is one of the common highway disaster. The banded structure characteristics of highway engineering, along the topography, hydrological conditions, complex geological conditions, resulting in a variety of types of flood disaster of highway. Remote sensing technology as a new monitoring technology, which is rapid, effective, large range of access to information. Therefore remote sensing monitoring technology, based on the advantages of recognition and road flood disaster of highway damage assessment using remote sensing technology has important practical significance and broad application prospects. The highway flood disaster remote sensing identification is according to the characteristics of flood disaster of highway, selection of remote sensing image processing technology and suitable, research method for identifying flood disaster of all highway. Highway damage assessment is based on the recognition of highway flood disasters, using the evaluation model, determine the highway flood level.
First of all, on the basis of the former research on classification of flood disaster of highway, according to the characteristics of remote sensing identification, according to the flood occurrence location will flood disaster damage for highway points along the highway, road slope and road surface damaged damaged three categories, spatial resolution and temporal resolution and combination of the remote sensing image, discusses the remote sensing data for identification of highway flood disasters.
Secondly, based on the principle of remote sensing and remote sensing image correlation theory, according to the database design principle and object oriented theory, the structure and function of flood disaster road image information database design, and expounds the function modules of the system database.
Again, based on the analysis of the remote sensing image of traditional supervised and unsupervised classification methods, combined with object oriented classification method, for the study of water, identification of highway and highway washout.
Finally, according to the highway damage impact on traffic, the damage ratio, damage coefficient and traffic impact coefficient of three parameters to establish highway damage degree evaluation model, and the "816 rivers" flood in the village of Gujiazi village destroyed roads were evaluated to demonstrate the feasibility of this evaluation model.

【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TP751;U418.54

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