大型施工项目中流动选址问题研究

发布时间：2018-01-10 06:13

本文关键词：大型施工项目中流动选址问题研究　出处：《西南交通大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着各地规划的公路建设项目越来越多,工程物流这门新兴的分支学科也越来越得到重视。据测算,在总成本中物流成本占据的比例一般达到了百分之十到二十。有效的物流运做是降低施工企业成本和提高市场竞争力的关键,而对服务于工程建设项目的施工基地进行选址则是首先应当考虑的问题。可以这样说,施工基地选址的优劣程度决定了这个施工项目利润水平的高低。当前公路施工企业对于施工基地选址主要采取的措施是依据工程施工人员的经验,从定性分析的角度,以满足工期为主要目标,在施工地点附近就近选址的方法来进行的,显然随着高速公路建设工程的迅速发展,这种凭经验的方法已经不能适应了。施工单位迫切的需要科学的方法对工程建设所需要布置的施工基地进行分析计算,确定它们的最佳位置,以达到减少二次运输,避免不合理的对流、过远、迂回、重复运输等现象。本文介绍了工程物流的概念、特点以及与产品物流的区别。构建了遵循数据可得性原则以及能够评定备选场址地点优先次序的DEA指标体系,利用DEA模型将不符合最优经济指标的地点淘汰以便缩小选址范围减少工作量；构建了符合实际情况的双层规划模型和动态规划模型,在目标函数中分别实现利益最大化,并利用这些模型结合具体实例做出了工程施工基地在各阶段最佳经济效益的分布策略。
[Abstract]:With more and more highway construction projects planned in various places, engineering logistics, a new branch of science, has been paid more and more attention. The proportion of logistics cost in the total cost is generally up to 10% to 20. Effective logistics operation is the key to reduce the cost of construction enterprises and improve the market competitiveness. And the site selection of the construction base serving for the construction project is the first issue to be considered. The degree of construction base location determines the profit level of the construction project. At present, the main measures taken by highway construction enterprises for site selection of construction base are based on the experience of the construction staff. From the qualitative analysis point of view, to meet the main objectives of the construction period, in the vicinity of the construction site location method to carry out, obviously with the rapid development of highway construction projects. The construction units urgently need scientific methods to analyze and calculate the construction bases that need to be arranged in order to determine their best position. In order to reduce secondary transportation, avoid unreasonable convection, far away, detour, repeat transportation and so on, this paper introduces the concept of engineering logistics. Characteristics and differences from product logistics. A DEA indicator system that follows the principle of data availability and is able to prioritize alternative sites is constructed. The DEA model is used to eliminate the locations that do not accord with the optimal economic indicators in order to reduce the scope of location and reduce the workload. A two-level programming model and a dynamic programming model are constructed to maximize the benefits in the objective function. The distribution strategy of optimal economic benefit of engineering construction base in each stage is given by using these models and concrete examples.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U415

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