兰州市公交网络可达性研究

发布时间：2018-01-10 07:28

本文关键词：兰州市公交网络可达性研究　出处：《重庆交通大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着城市化进程的加快,城市规模不断扩大,城市人口直线增加,交通拥堵、尾气排放等交通问题已经变得十分严重。以往的交通发展思路在如此严峻的交通问题下是不符合现实要求的,难以解决城市居民的出行问题。与此同时国家大力发展公共交通,低碳生活和绿色出行的理念也越来越被人们所认可。因此,公共交通可达性的研究变得越来越重要,这对解决城市交通问题,方便居民出行等方面具有重大意义。论文通过分析国内外可达性研究现状,分析城市公交系统可达性影响因素,在已有的可达性评价模型的基础上,提出了城市公交可达性理论。论文中提出了关于城市公交可达性评价指标的数学模型,此模型是通过结合空间阻隔模型、累计机会模型、时空约束模型和拓扑度量法等可达性研究方法,进而从宏观、中观和微观层面加以研究可达性而得到。此模型对城市公交系统的可达性评价具有全面和多层次的特点,可以给出公交系统的可达性水平,并找出系统缺陷。论文基于TransCAD软件对兰州市公交系统可达性进行了分析,设计了公交路线系统,创建城市公交网络数据库,此数据库的核心内容由空间地理数据库和公交路线系统数据库两部分组成。在考虑“出行距离最短”和“换乘次数”等因素后,建立公交出行路径广义成本模型,最后确定公交的最佳路径判断标准并设计关于最优路径的计算方法。论文最后从兰州市当前面临的交通问题出发,从线路长度、非直线系数、平均站距和站点线路集中度四方面对兰州市公交空间特征进行了分析,在此基础上,从空间可达性、时间可达性和费用可达性方面,对宏观、中观、微观层面进行了模型分析,最后根据分析结果,提出了缓解交通问题的相关措施。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of the urbanization process, the scale of the city continues to expand, urban population increases in a straight line, traffic congestion. Exhaust emissions and other traffic problems have become very serious. In the past, the train of thought of traffic development in such a severe traffic problem is not in line with the practical requirements. It is difficult to solve the travel problem of urban residents. At the same time, the concept of low carbon living and green travel is more and more accepted by people. The research of public transportation accessibility has become more and more important, which is of great significance to solve urban traffic problems and facilitate residents travel. This paper analyzes the current situation of accessibility research at home and abroad. Based on the analysis of the factors affecting the reachability of urban public transport system, this paper puts forward the theory of the reachability of urban public transport on the basis of the existing reachability evaluation model, and puts forward the mathematical model of the evaluation index of the accessibility of urban public transport. This model is based on the spatial barrier model, cumulative opportunity model, space-time constraint model and topology measurement methods, and then from the macro. The model has the characteristics of comprehensive and multi-level, and can give the reachability level of the public transport system. Based on the TransCAD software, the reachability of the public transport system in Lanzhou is analyzed, the bus route system is designed, and the database of urban public transport network is established. The core content of this database is composed of two parts: spatial geographical database and bus route system database. After considering the factors such as "shortest travel distance" and "transfer frequency" and so on. The paper establishes a generalized cost model of public transport route, finally determines the criteria of the best path of public transport and designs the calculation method of the optimal path. Finally, the paper starts from the current traffic problems in Lanzhou. This paper analyzes the spatial characteristics of public transportation in Lanzhou from four aspects: line length, non-linear coefficient, average station distance and line concentration degree. On this basis, the spatial reachability, time reachability and cost reachability are analyzed. The model analysis of macro, meso and micro level is carried out. Finally, according to the analysis results, the related measures to alleviate traffic problems are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.17

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