特种车通行影响下城市交通流元胞自动机模型研究

发布时间：2018-01-10 15:07

本文关键词：特种车通行影响下城市交通流元胞自动机模型研究　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目前，我国城市机动车保有量随着经济发展持续增加，交通运输的局面日趋紧张，城市交通的拥堵、事故频发等问题已成为阻碍经济社会进步的主要问题，面对这些城市交通问题，完成好相应的应急救援任务非常关键。这要求对各种条件下道路状况的交通流特性有全面的了解，才能科学的管理和控制好城市交通。交通流理论的研究涉及很多领域和方法，，如统计学中的概率论、物理中的流体力学及运动学，还有车辆跟驰模型和元胞自动机模型等，而其中的元胞自动机模型对于模拟微观车辆的交通流现象非常适合。本文首先在经典的NS元胞自动机模型基础上增加车辆换道规则，并将原来的随机慢化概率函数化，建立了基于动态慢化概率的双车道模型（DCA模型）。其次将特种车的通行影响和不同行驶方式引入该模型中，建立了有特种车通行影响的双车道交通流元胞自动机模型（D-SDCA模型），采用Matlab编程对模型进行了数值模拟与验证。最后又在D-SDCA模型的基础上建立了多车道模型，并分析了车道数量对特种车通行的影响。通过与实际的调查数据进行对比，验证了模型的可靠性，也证实了模拟输出的不同条件下的数值结果的可信。本文经过多种交通情况下的数值模拟，分析了特种车在执勤通行时对不同密度交通流的影响，对比了不同行驶方式的特种车的影响程度和通行效果，并研究了不同干扰区域、路段长度、车道数量等因素对特种车通行情况及整体交通流的影响。最后总结了在不同条件下特种车的通行影响特性，并为应急救援工作和管理控制交通流提出了改善措施和合理化建议。本文的研究拓宽了元胞自动机的在交通领域的应用范围，为模拟特种车的应急救援通行现象提供了一种有效工具，在交通流的理论研究中开辟了新的方向，具有可靠的理论意义和实际意义。
[Abstract]:At present, with the continuous increase of the number of urban motor vehicles in China, the situation of transportation becomes increasingly tense, urban traffic congestion, frequent accidents and other problems have become the main problems that hinder the economic and social progress. In the face of these urban traffic problems, it is very important to complete the corresponding emergency rescue mission, which requires a comprehensive understanding of the traffic flow characteristics of road conditions under various conditions. The research of traffic flow theory involves many fields and methods, such as probability theory in statistics, fluid mechanics and kinematics in physics. There are also car-following models and cellular automata models, among which the Cellular automata model is very suitable for simulating the traffic flow phenomena of microscopic vehicles. In this paper, first of all, the vehicle change rules are added to the classical NS cellular automata model, and the original stochastic slow-down probability is functioned. A two-lane model based on dynamic slowing probability is established. Secondly, the influence of special vehicles and different driving modes are introduced into the model. A two-lane cellular automaton model (D-SDCA model) is established. Finally, the multi-lane model is established based on D-SDCA model, and the influence of the number of lanes on the passage of special vehicles is analyzed. By comparing with the actual investigation data, the reliability of the model is verified, and the reliability of the numerical results under different conditions of simulation output is also confirmed. This paper analyzes the influence of special vehicles on traffic flow of different density while on duty, compares the influence degree and traffic effect of special vehicles with different driving modes, and studies the different interference areas and length of road sections. The influence of the number of lanes and other factors on the traffic situation and the overall traffic flow of special vehicles. Finally, the characteristics of special vehicles under different conditions are summarized. The improvement measures and rational suggestions for emergency rescue and traffic flow control are put forward. The research in this paper broadens the application scope of cellular automata in the field of traffic, provides an effective tool for simulating the emergency rescue traffic phenomenon of special vehicles, and opens up a new direction in the theoretical research of traffic flow. It has reliable theoretical and practical significance.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.112

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