基于（图像）三维数据的沥青路面构造深度算法研究

发布时间：2018-01-12 02:21

本文关键词：基于（图像）三维数据的沥青路面构造深度算法研究　出处：《长安大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：伴随着社会经济的飞速发展，公路交通的基础设施得到进一步改善，然而如何有效的对公路网络进行养护，以及随着频发的交通事故，解决日益突出的交通安全问题，是交通工程领域、道路检测领域一直以来的重要研究课题。路表参数指标的测定，虽然是公路养护部门的主要任务，但路表参数指标不仅影响着行车安全性，而且对行车的舒适性、高效性等均有着深远的意义。故提高路表参数指标的测定方法，对交通事业继续维持高水平、高速率发展，有着长足而深远的意义。本文主要针对沥青路面路表纹理构造的采集图像，提取高度数据矩阵，再矩阵经过预处理的操作后，实施分区域典型值平面拟合算法，最终确定待测沥青路面的构造深度值。在文章中，，首先根据非接触式线激光三角测量法，来介绍图像采集的总体原理方案，并分析说明了图像采集的封装装置。然后，针对沥青路面路表材质的特殊性，阐述采集图像的高度数据信息的生成、提取，详细说明了高度数据矩阵的裁剪预处理、滤波预处理，为算法的实施夯实充分的准备。本文重点阐述了，如何根据采集图像提取的高度数据矩阵，来计算沥青路面构造深度的平面拟合设计算法。该算法利用矩阵分区域的最值作为典型值，通过散点拟合平面的方式，来获取沥青路面路表纹理构造的绝对深度差值，采用平均值的思想，以及绝对差值的思想，求取待测沥青路面的构造深度值。通过实验室环境、实际沥青路面环境的系统实验与数据结果比对，验证了本设计算法的有效性、普适性、可靠性，该算法不仅具有与体积法的良好相关性，而且实验数据结果波动性较小。故本设计算法可应用于沥青路面的构造深度检测，亦可应用于道路检测领域的其他参数指标的测定。
[Abstract]:Along with the rapid development of the social economy , the infrastructure of road traffic has been improved further , however , how to effectively conserve the highway network and solve the increasingly prominent traffic safety problem with frequent traffic accidents is the important research topic in the field of traffic engineering and road detection . In this paper , based on the collected image of asphalt pavement surface texture structure , the height data matrix is extracted , and after the pre - processing operation , a typical planar fitting algorithm is implemented to determine the structural depth value of asphalt pavement to be measured . In this paper , firstly , according to the non - contact line laser triangulation method , the general principle scheme of image acquisition is introduced , and the packaging device for image acquisition is analyzed . Then , the generation and extraction of the height data information of the collected image are explained in view of the particularity of the asphalt pavement surface material , and the cutting preprocessing and the filtering preprocessing of the height data matrix are explained in detail , and sufficient preparation for the implementation of the algorithm is carried out . This paper focuses on how to calculate the plane fitting design algorithm of asphalt pavement structure depth based on the height data matrix extracted from the acquired image . The algorithm uses the most value of the matrix partition area as the typical value , and obtains the absolute depth difference value of the asphalt pavement surface texture structure by using the method of the scattered point fitting plane , and the construction depth value of the asphalt pavement to be measured is obtained by using the idea of the average value and the idea of absolute difference value . Through the laboratory environment , the system experiment and the data result comparison of the actual asphalt pavement environment verify the validity , universality and reliability of the design algorithm . The algorithm not only has good correlation with the volume method , but also has less volatility in the experimental data . Therefore , the design algorithm can be applied to the construction depth detection of the asphalt pavement , and can also be applied to the measurement of other parameter indexes in the road detection field .

【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U416.217

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