基于换乘的轨道交通与常规公交协调发展研究

发布时间：2018-01-12 20:43

本文关键词：基于换乘的轨道交通与常规公交协调发展研究　出处：《兰州交通大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着我国城市经济的快速发展，交通需求不断增加，城市交通正面临严峻的挑战。加快建设大容量、高速度的轨道交通系统对于完善城市公共交通系统功能、提高城市公共交通系统的服务水平具有重要意义。但轨道交通的建设周期较长、在建成网络之前覆盖范围也是有限的，因此多数城市的公共交通体系在短期内无法完全依靠轨道交通。而且，轨道交通的骨干作用要得以充分发挥，必须与常规公交网络有效衔接，只有实现两者间的换乘协调，才能适应不同层次客运的需要。因此，如何实现轨道交通系统和常规公交系统的有效衔接、换乘协调，成为亟需研究的问题。本论文以此为背景，根据轨道交通系统和常规公交系统协调的基本理论，从站点、线网、运营三个角度对这两种交通方式之间的换乘协调方法进行了研究。本论文首先对城市公共交通系统的组成进行了分析，并通过对轨道交通和常规公交这两种公共交通方式的特性比较,确定了两者在公共交通体系中的定位和各自的作用。在站点规划方面，根据客运周转量的指标建立模型，确定了选择轨道换乘站的原则和方法，又根据交通需求和实际需要，提出了布设常规接运公交首末站点的方法。最后探讨了几种不同的轨道交通换乘站与常规接运公交站的布局模式，并详细分析了其优缺点及适用条件。在线网规划方面，本论文首先分析了轨道交通周边的既有公交线路的调整原则，并分不同情况对既有公交线路的调整进行了定性分析，以保证两种交通方式的线路布局合理。其次，，在对轨道换乘站点的接驳区域分析的基础上，以轨道交通的吸引半径作为研究范围，建立了以乘客出行时间费用成本最小、线网接运效率最大、布设线路数最少为函数目标的多目标优化模型，并应用遗传算法进行求解，以保证常规公交与城市轨道交通之间更高的接运效率。在运营管理方面，本论文在对轨道交通和常规公交系统分析的基础上，提出了运营协调的目标、原则以及主要研究内容。为保证高峰小时内轨道交通和常规公交之间运输能力的匹配，本论文建立了运能匹配模型。通过对两者间换乘时空表的分析，得出常规公交到达的松弛时间及这两种交通方式的发车间隔是调度协调的关键影响因素。最后论文从票制票价和运营机制两方面探讨了轨道交通和常规公交之间的运营协调。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of urban economy and increasing traffic demand, urban traffic is facing severe challenges. Speeding up the construction of large capacity, high-speed rail transit system to improve the function of urban public transport system. It is of great significance to improve the service level of urban public transport system. However, the construction period of rail transit is longer, and the coverage is limited before the completion of the network. Therefore, most urban public transport systems can not rely entirely on rail transit in the short term. Moreover, the backbone of rail transit must be effectively linked to the conventional public transport network in order to play a full role. Only the transfer coordination between the two can meet the needs of different levels of passenger transport. Therefore, how to achieve the rail transit system and conventional public transport system to effectively link up, transfer coordination. This paper takes this as the background, according to the basic theory of the coordination of the rail transit system and the conventional public transport system, from the station, the line network. The transfer coordination method between these two traffic modes is studied from three angles of operation. In this paper, the composition of urban public transport system is analyzed, and the characteristics of rail transit and conventional public transport are compared. The location of the two in the public transport system and their respective roles are determined. In terms of station planning, the principles and methods of selecting rail transfer stations are established according to the index of passenger transport turnover. According to the traffic demand and the actual need, the paper puts forward the method of setting up the first and last station of the routine bus transportation, and finally discusses several different layout modes of the transfer station and the routine bus station of the rail transit. The advantages and disadvantages and applicable conditions are analyzed in detail. In the aspect of online network planning, this paper first analyzes the adjustment principles of existing bus lines around rail transit, and carries out qualitative analysis on the adjustment of existing bus lines according to different situations. In order to ensure the reasonable layout of the two modes of transportation. Secondly, on the basis of the analysis of the rail transfer station connection area, the attraction radius of rail transit is taken as the research scope. A multi-objective optimization model with the minimum cost of passenger travel time, the maximum connection efficiency and the least number of deployed lines is established, and the genetic algorithm is used to solve the model. In order to ensure a higher transit efficiency between conventional public transport and urban rail transit. In the aspect of operation management, this paper puts forward the goal of operation coordination based on the analysis of rail transit and bus transit system. In order to ensure the matching of transport capacity between rail transit and bus during rush hour, this paper establishes a model of transport capacity matching. Through the analysis of the space-time table of transfer between the two. It is concluded that the relaxation time of conventional bus arrival and the departure interval between these two modes of transportation are the key factors influencing the coordination of dispatching. Finally, the paper discusses the relationship between rail transit and conventional public transport from two aspects of ticket price and operation mechanism. Operational coordination.
【学位授予单位】：兰州交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U121

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