基于热点载客区域的出租车应急调度方案研究

发布时间：2018-01-15 07:08

本文关键词：基于热点载客区域的出租车应急调度方案研究　出处：《北京交通大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着人们对城市交通管理规划的日益重视,作为城市公共交通重要方式之一的出租车,其数量也在不断地增长,由于目前我国绝大部分城市的出租车管理缺乏高效、科学的智能调度,出租车行业面临了越来越多的问题：空驶率高、分布不均衡、供不应求等等,从而严重影响了出租车行业便捷、高效、舒适等优势特性,这就更加迫切地体现了出租车调度管理对交通出行质量的重要性。通过本文对城市热点载客区域内出租车调度点的配置方案,来提高城市出租车管理系统的科学、有效、合理性,提升市民出行的便捷度及出租车公司的运营效益；降低城市出租车的空驶率及运营成本；减少城市道路交通负荷及因乘客滞留导致的公共安全危害。本文通过出租车GPS数据的采集,分析了GPS数据误差的影响因素,并利用MATLAB软件对原始数据中的冗余数据及错误数据进行处理,提高了数据精度；通过建立K-Means聚类模型,将有效出租车GPS数据分类划分为出租车热点载客区域,在考虑实际交通状态对最短路径的影响后,选择用路段的行驶时间作为拓扑图的最短时间权重,从而得到基于最短时间的载客热点区域路网结构拓扑图；在出租车GPS数据及简化的路网拓扑赋权图基础上,采用图论原理提出热点载客区域应急出租车调度点配置模型,并用遗传算法求解。通过该模型的求解可以得出应急出租车调度点的最优配置,最终确立城市出租车应急调度方案,并结合实例对该模型进行验证,结果表明本方案能够满足在有限调度点配置的情况下,出租车以最短时间到达热点载客区域内的突发客流产生地点,实现热点载客区域突发需求的优化调度,减少整个出租车调度管理的响应时间,进一步实现科学而高效的乘客疏散。
[Abstract]:With the increasing attention to urban traffic management planning, as an important way of urban public transport, the number of taxis is also increasing. Due to the lack of efficient taxi management and scientific intelligent dispatching in most cities in China, taxi industry is faced with more and more problems: high empty driving rate, uneven distribution, shortage of supply and so on. As a result, the taxi industry has a serious impact on the convenience, efficiency, comfort and other advantages of the characteristics. This is more urgent to reflect the importance of taxi scheduling management to the quality of traffic. To improve the city taxi management system science, effectiveness, rationality, improve the convenience of the public travel and taxi company operating efficiency; Reduce the empty driving rate and operating cost of city taxi; Reduce urban road traffic load and public safety hazards caused by passenger retention. This paper analyzes the influencing factors of GPS data error through the collection of taxi GPS data, and uses MATLAB software to deal with the redundant data and error data in the original data. The data precision is improved; Through the establishment of K-Means clustering model, the effective taxi GPS data classification is divided into taxi hot passenger carrying areas, after considering the actual traffic status on the shortest path. The shortest time weight of the topology graph is the driving time of the section, and the structure topology of the hot spot region is obtained based on the shortest time. Based on the GPS data of taxis and the simplified network topology weighting graph, the paper proposes a configuration model of emergency taxi dispatching points in hot passenger region by using the graph theory principle. Through the solution of the model, the optimal allocation of emergency taxi dispatch points can be obtained, and finally the urban taxi emergency scheduling scheme is established, and the model is verified by an example. The results show that the scheme can meet the situation of limited scheduling point configuration, the taxi in the shortest time to the hot passenger region in the area of sudden passenger flow generation location, to achieve the hot passenger areas of emergency demand optimization scheduling. Reduce the response time of the whole taxi dispatch management, and further realize the scientific and efficient passenger evacuation.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U492.434

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