基于废旧橡塑高分子合金的稳定型改性沥青的机理研究

发布时间：2018-01-17 00:28

本文关键词：基于废旧橡塑高分子合金的稳定型改性沥青的机理研究　出处：《山东建筑大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着交通量的不断加大和重载车辆的不断增多,一些沥青路面在正式开放交通后不久就出现了不同程度的早期损害,这不但造成了很大的经济损失,也给行车舒适性和行车安全性带来了较大隐患。此外,随着经济的发展,我国每年都产生大量的废旧塑料和废旧橡胶,这给环境造成了巨大的压力,如何能够有效的解决这些环境问题成为一个严峻的课题。如果将废旧橡胶和废旧塑料回收后加工后加入到沥青中来提高沥青的使用性能,既能有效地解决废旧轮胎及塑料带来的污染问题,又能改善沥青材料的路用性能,从而带来显著的经济和社会效益。针对以上问题,本文开展了废旧橡塑高分子合金稳定型改性沥青的机理研究。首先通过溶解度参数分析了废旧塑料和废旧橡胶的相容性,然后以废旧塑料和废旧橡胶为原材料,在特定的工艺条件下用双螺杆挤出机制备不同橡塑比的橡塑高分子合金改性剂(橡塑比为5：5、6：4、7：3,分别简称为A改性剂、B改性剂和C改性剂)。通过红外分析和差热分析(DSC)研究废旧塑料和废旧橡胶的相容性机理。进而将改性剂加入到沥青中,研究改性剂的最佳掺量,并探索选用合适的稳定剂、相容剂使改性沥青稳定化。通过对改性沥青的组分分析、微观结构分析研究改性沥青的相容机理。最后以橡胶改性沥青和塑料改性沥青作为对比样本,利用动态剪切流变仪(DSR)分析不同改性沥青的动态粘弹性能。通过以上研究发现：废旧塑料的溶解度参数约为7.85,废旧橡胶的溶解度参数在8.35～8.45之间,两者之差较小,具有较好的相容性；对改性剂的红外分析和差热分析表明,废旧塑料橡胶的共混过程以物理作用为主,且C改性剂的相容性最好；研究橡塑改性沥青发现,三种橡塑改性沥青中改性剂的最佳掺量都是20%,稳定剂的最佳掺量是0.5%,没有选用相容剂；通过对橡塑改性沥青的微观分析发现,3种橡塑改性剂在沥青中呈团状或絮状分布,且C改性剂在沥青中的分布最均匀,粒径最小；通过对橡塑改性沥青、塑料改性沥青和橡胶改性沥青的粘弹特性的分析及其主曲线的确定,发现橡塑改性沥青的抗车辙能力最强。本文的研究对进一步研究橡塑改性沥青及橡塑改性沥青混合料的性能具有一定的理论意义及参考价值,对于橡塑改性沥青的推广应用有一定的现实意义。
[Abstract]:With the increasing traffic volume and the increasing number of heavy-duty vehicles, some asphalt pavement appeared different early damage shortly after the official opening of traffic, which not only caused a lot of economic losses. In addition, with the development of economy, China produces a large number of waste plastics and rubber every year, which has caused great pressure to the environment. How to effectively solve these environmental problems has become a serious problem. If waste rubber and waste plastics are processed and added to asphalt to improve the performance of asphalt. It can not only effectively solve the pollution problem caused by waste tires and plastics, but also improve the road performance of asphalt materials, thus bringing about remarkable economic and social benefits. Aiming at the above problems, the mechanism of stabilized modified asphalt of waste rubber-plastic polymer alloy was studied. Firstly, the compatibility of waste plastic and waste rubber was analyzed by solubility parameter. Then, using waste plastics and waste rubber as raw materials, the rubber modifier with different ratio of rubber and plastic was prepared by twin-screw extruder (the ratio of rubber and plastic was 5: 5: 6: 4: 7: 3). The compatibility mechanism of waste plastics and waste rubber was studied by infrared and differential thermal analysis (DSCS), and then the modifier was added to asphalt. The optimum dosage of modifier was studied, and the suitable stabilizer and compatibilizer were selected to stabilize the modified asphalt. The composition of modified asphalt was analyzed. The compatibility mechanism of modified asphalt was studied by microstructure analysis. Finally, rubber modified asphalt and plastic modified asphalt were used as contrast samples. The dynamic viscoelastic properties of different modified asphalt were analyzed by dynamic shear rheometer (DSRs). It is found that the solubility parameter of waste plastics is about 7.85, the solubility parameter of waste rubber is 8.35 ~ 8.45, the difference between them is small and has good compatibility. The infrared and differential thermal analysis of the modifier show that the blending process of waste plastic rubber is mainly physical, and the compatibility of C modifier is the best. The study of rubber-plastic modified asphalt shows that the optimum dosage of modifier and stabilizer is 20 and 0.5 respectively, and no compatibilizer is selected. Through the microscopic analysis of rubber and plastic modified asphalt, it is found that three kinds of rubber and plastic modifiers are distributed in the asphalt as agglomerate or flocculent, and C modifier has the most uniform distribution and the smallest particle size in the asphalt. Based on the analysis of viscoelastic properties of rubber-plastic modified asphalt, plastic modified asphalt and rubber modified asphalt and the determination of main curve, it is found that rubber-plastic modified asphalt has the strongest rutting resistance. The research in this paper has certain theoretical significance and reference value to further study the performance of rubber and plastic modified asphalt and the rubber and plastic modified asphalt mixture, and has certain practical significance for the popularization and application of rubber and plastic modified asphalt.
【学位授予单位】：山东建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U414

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