城市快速路匝道分合流区交通运行特性及优化控制方法研究

发布时间：2018-01-20 00:03

本文关键词： 城市快速路交通流特性交互行为交通波理论稳定性分析匝道控制交通仿真　出处：《青岛理工大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来，交通拥挤已经逐步成为世界各国急需解决的共同难题。城市快速路系统作为城市交通的主动脉，是城市交通高效运转的重要支撑和保障，其运行质量直接影响到整个城市路网的运行效率。匝道分合流区作为快速路系统内部车流和外部车流相互作用的联系纽带，是快速路主线和城市路网关联交叉的关键节点，该区域的交通运行状况直接影响着快速路系统功能的有效发挥。国内外研究证明，单纯依靠加快道路建设速度来缓解城市道路交通问题，特别是快速路的交通拥挤状况是很难实现的，必须依靠先进的交通管理与控制措施来解决城市交通拥堵问题。本文以青岛市快速路网为研究对象，针对其路网形态、交通状况和交通场景，分析城市快速路匝道分合流区交通流运行特性，探索解决城市快速路系统交通拥堵的方法，建立一套有效的快速路匝道优化控制方法体系，研究成果为我国城市快速路系统交通管理与控制提供理论依据和技术支撑。论文研究内容简要如下：第一部分，城市快速路匝道分合流区交通流时空特性分析。通过交通调查，对快速路匝道分合流区交通流特性（流量、速度、密集度）的时空变化规律进行详细分析，深入研究入口匝道交通流的脉冲性、波动性和速度离散性对主线交通流的干扰，为匝道控制提供基础依据。第二部分，城市快速路匝道分合流区车辆运行交互行为特性研究。运用博弈论解析匝道分合流区行驶车辆之间的相互作用机理，包括车辆间的交互跟驰行为、换道行为以及车辆间交互行为的动态博弈特性，并通过交通仿真和数值统计分析，验证特性模型的准确性和实用性。第三部分，，城市快速路匝道分合流区交通流稳定性分析。基于分合流区车辆交互行为特性的研究，对匝道分合流区宏观流特性及稳定性进行深入研究。通过揭示交通流扰动的产生和传播机理，进行快速路主线交通流横向和纵向稳定性分析，并建立相应模型，并通过六自由度汽车驾驶模拟平台和Vissim仿真平台从微观、宏观两个方面验证分析交通流失稳机理。第四部分，城市快速路匝道控制方法研究。基于城市快速路匝道分合流区车辆交互特性及交通流稳定性机理分析，以主动引导式交通管控为理念，提出一种以快速路拥挤问题为主线的引导式实时动态协同控制策略；基于迭代自适应协调控制方法，提出考虑占有率、车辆速度和车辆换道安全距离的动态协同控制方法，并建立定量化模型。第五部分，城市快速路匝道交通系统仿真。利用Vissim仿真软件对城市快速路匝道出入口控制进行交通仿真，对所得数据进行数理统计分析，通过对比控制方法优化前后参数值，验证优化控制方法的实用性与准确性，最终得出一种适合我国城市快速路匝道控制的优化算法。
[Abstract]:In recent years, traffic congestion has gradually become a common problem that countries all over the world urgently need to solve. As the aorta of urban traffic, urban expressway system is an important support and guarantee for the efficient operation of urban traffic. The operation quality directly affects the operation efficiency of the whole urban road network. The ramp separation and confluence zone is the link between the internal and external traffic flow of the expressway system. It is the key node of the link between the main line of expressway and the urban road network. The traffic condition in this area has a direct impact on the effective performance of the function of the expressway system. Domestic and foreign studies have proved that it is difficult to solve urban road traffic problems simply by speeding up the speed of road construction, especially the traffic congestion of expressway. We must rely on advanced traffic management and control measures to solve the problem of urban traffic congestion. This paper takes Qingdao Expressway as the research object, aiming at its road network form, traffic situation and traffic scene. This paper analyzes the traffic flow characteristics of urban expressway ramp separation and confluence area, explores the methods to solve the traffic congestion of urban expressway system, and establishes an effective optimal control system of expressway ramp. The research results provide theoretical basis and technical support for traffic management and control of urban expressway system in China. Through traffic investigation, traffic flow characteristics (flow, speed) of freeway ramp separation and confluence area are analyzed. The temporal and spatial variation law of density) is analyzed in detail, and the impulse, fluctuation and velocity dispersion of on-ramp traffic flow are studied in detail, which provides the basis for ramp control. In the second part, the characteristics of vehicle interaction in urban expressway ramp separation and confluence zone are studied. Game theory is used to analyze the mechanism of vehicle interaction, including the interaction between vehicles. The dynamic game characteristics of the changing behavior and the interaction between vehicles are verified by traffic simulation and numerical statistics to verify the accuracy and practicability of the characteristic model. The third part, the stability analysis of traffic flow in the separation and confluence area of urban expressway ramp. Based on the study of the characteristics of vehicle interaction behavior in the separation and confluence area. The characteristics and stability of macroscopic flow in ramp separation and confluence are studied deeply. By revealing the mechanism of traffic flow disturbance, the lateral and longitudinal stability analysis of traffic flow along expressway main line is carried out, and the corresponding model is established. Through six degrees of freedom vehicle driving simulation platform and Vissim simulation platform, the mechanism of traffic loss stability is verified and analyzed from micro and macro aspects. Based on the analysis of vehicle interaction characteristics and traffic flow stability mechanism of urban expressway ramp separation and confluence area, the concept of active guided traffic control is taken as the concept. A guided real-time cooperative control strategy based on the congestion problem of expressway is proposed. Based on the iterative adaptive coordinated control method, a dynamic cooperative control method considering occupation rate, vehicle speed and safe distance of vehicle change is proposed, and a quantitative model is established. In the 5th part, the traffic system of urban expressway ramp is simulated. The traffic simulation of the urban expressway ramp entrance and exit control is carried out by using Vissim simulation software, and the obtained data are analyzed by mathematical statistics. By comparing the parameters before and after optimization, the practicability and accuracy of the optimal control method are verified, and an optimization algorithm suitable for the urban expressway ramp control in China is obtained.
【学位授予单位】：青岛理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491

【相似文献】