城市路段行人过街设施选型研究

发布时间：2018-01-23 17:39

本文关键词： 行人过街设施选型行人过街特性选择行为 logistic模型　出处：《长安大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着城市机动车出行的增加，交通事故的数量也有所增加，尤其是车辆与行人之间的事故更加频繁。行人在道路交通中是最弱势群体，也是道路交通中最易受到伤害的人群。保护行人交通安全也已经成为一个全世界相关研究人员共同关注的课题。行人过街设施从空间上分离或从时间上分配了行人、机动车的道路通行权，不同程度的保证行人和机动车通行安全、迅速。合理设置行人过街设施可以提高行人过街的安全性，减少行人和车辆的延误，提高道路的通行能力。本文研究了不同类型的城市过街设施及其服务特性，分析了道路过街设施存在的问题。基于对过街行人在无信号控制下、信号控制下及立体过街时的行为特性的分析，探讨了过街行人的心理特点、交通特性及违法过街行为，针对规范中过街设施条件过于宽泛，缺乏实际指导作用，探讨各类过街设施的选型条件，综合考虑设施通行能力能否满足行人过街需求量以及行人延误是否小于行人可忍受等待时间这两个指标，按照“先平面，后立体；先无信号控制，后有信号控制”的选型原则，将选型条件量化，给出了设施选型的边界条件。对于人行天桥及地道的选择，选取使用者偏好、社会效益、施工影响、城市景观、实施费用、地形、地貌及气候原因这6个指标，使用层次分析法进行比选。最后，，从行人对不同过街设施的选择偏好出发，基于实际调查，对行人过街设施的选择行为进行logistic回归，分析影响行人选择过街设施的因素，建立行人过街设施选择行为的logistic模型。研究结果对保障城市行人交通安全具有一定的促进意义，为路段行人过街设施的选型提供切实有效的选型依据条件。同时，从行人主观角度建立的行人过街设施选择行为模型，可以判断和预测不同行人选择不同过街设施的概率，为合理设置利用率更高的过街设施提供参考依据。
[Abstract]:With the increase of urban motor vehicle travel, the number of traffic accidents has also increased, especially between vehicles and pedestrians more frequent. Pedestrians in road traffic is the most vulnerable group. Protection of pedestrian safety has also become a common concern of researchers all over the world. Pedestrian crossing facilities are separated from space or allocated time. People. The right of road passage of motor vehicles to ensure the safety of pedestrians and motor vehicles to varying degrees, rapid. Reasonable setting of pedestrian crossing facilities can improve the safety of pedestrian crossing, reduce the delay of pedestrians and vehicles. Improve the capacity of the road. In this paper, different types of urban crossing facilities and their service characteristics are studied, and the existing problems of road crossing facilities are analyzed. This paper analyzes the behavior characteristics of pedestrian crossing under signal control and stereoscopic crossing, discusses the psychological characteristics, traffic characteristics and illegal crossing behavior of pedestrian crossing, aiming at the over-broad conditions of crossing facilities in the specification, and lacks of practical guidance. This paper discusses the selection conditions of various types of crossing facilities, considers comprehensively whether the capacity of the facilities can meet the pedestrian crossing demand and whether the pedestrian delay is less than the pedestrian's tolerable waiting time, according to the "first plane". Posterior stereoscopic; The selection principle of no signal control first, then signal control ", the selection condition is quantified, and the boundary condition of facility selection is given. For the choice of pedestrian overpass and tunnel, the user preference and social benefit are selected. Construction impact, urban landscape, implementation costs, terrain, geomorphology and climate reasons of these six indicators, the use of AHP to compare and select. Finally, from the pedestrian choice preference for different crossing facilities. Based on the actual investigation, the selection behavior of pedestrian crossing facilities was analyzed by logistic regression, and the factors affecting pedestrian choice of crossing facilities were analyzed. The logistic model of pedestrian crossing facility selection behavior was established. The results of the study have a certain significance to ensure the safety of urban pedestrian traffic, and provide a practical and effective basis for the selection of pedestrian crossing facilities on road sections. At the same time. The pedestrian crossing facility selection behavior model established from the pedestrian subjective angle can judge and predict the probability of different pedestrian choosing different crossing facilities and provide a reference for setting up more efficient crossing facilities reasonably.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.226

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